摘要
1989-1994年在河南封丘潮土上，对几种主要肥料的效益，以及不同施肥条件对土壤养分供应能力的影响进行了长期定位试验。试验结果表明：潮土的生产潜力很大，贫瘠的潮土单施N肥或P肥收效甚微。只要N、P肥配合施用，其交互增产作用极显著。如一旦停止施肥，产量又将急剧下降到很低水平。在富K的潮土上，连续五年不施K肥和有机肥，对小麦产量尚不构成影响。然而耕层土壤中的速效K以每年3.8mg／kg的速度下降，已接近临界水平。定位试验中测得N、P肥五年的累计利用率远高于单季试验的结果，分别为57.2％和43.8％。在当前施肥模式和产量水平下，大多数潮土中的N、P养分和有机质都略有盈余，而K素养分则普遍亏缺。
A long-term stationary experiment was designed to determine crop responses to several major fertilizers in fluvo-aquic soils and the effect of fertilization models on soil nutrient supply. Results showed that fluvo-aquic soil had a great production potential.But on infertile fluvo-aquic soil, crop response to single N or P fertilizer was very limited. When they were applied in combination, the effect of their interaction on crop yield became significant. Once fertilization stopped, crop yield dropped down drastically to a very low level. On K-rich fluvo-aquic soil, the practice of no application of K and organic manure for 5 years did not cause any threat to crop yield. However, the readily available K in the plowed layer decreased at a rate of 3.8 mg/ kg Per annum, approaching the critical level. The long-term experiment also showed that the cumulative recovery rates of N and P fertilizers in the 5 years, 57.2% and 43.8% repectively, were much higher than the results in a single cropping experiment With the current fertilization models and crop yield level, little surpluses of N and P nutrients and organic metter exited in most fluvo-aquic soils, whereas K deficit occurred in almost all the fluvo-aquic soils.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期367-375,共9页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金!39790100
关键词
潮土
肥料
长期定位试验
Fluvo-aquic soil, Fertilizer, Long-term stationary experiment
