摘要
目的分析2007年青海省4个国家级鼠疫监测点的监测结果,为进一步制定鼠疫预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法按《全国鼠疫监测方案及实施细则》和《青海省鼠疫监测方案》的要求,对监测点的宿主动物、媒介昆虫、人等进行病原学和血清学监测:采用路线法调查旱獭、五步夹线法调查小型啮齿动物种类和数量分布;对检获的宿主动物体的媒介昆虫进行鉴定和统计分析。结果4个监测点的平均旱獭密度为0.079只/hm^2,小型鼠密度调查捕获率为4.94%,以高原鼠兔为优势种群;旱獭平均蚤指数为3.29,染蚤率为54.15%;小型啮齿动物平均蚤指数为0.25,染蚤率为6.5%;旱獭洞干蚤指数为0.07,洞干染蚤率为4.93%;共检测各种动物材料3 043份,从自毙旱獭、自毙沙狐和媒介昆虫中检出鼠疫菌10株;检测人及动物血清923份,IHA阳性4份。结论青藏铁路沿线的乌兰县、西大滩和青南高原玉树县3个监测点动物鼠疫疫情活跃。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of 4 national important plague surveillance sites in Qinghai in 2007, to provide the data for plague control and strategy implementation. Methods According to the unified methods formulated by nationwide plague surveillance program and the Qinghai plague surveillance program, the vertebrate reservoirs of plague, insect vector and human were monitored by aetiology and serology methods. The distribution of species and quantity of small rodents and Marm^ta himalayana was investigated in 4 sites. The vector insect obtained from the hosts was identified the species. Results The average density of Marmota himalayarta was 0. 079/hectare, the capture rate of small rodents was 4.94% in 4 sites. The dominant rodent was Ochotona. The flea infection rates for Marmota himalayana and small rodents were 54.15% and 6.5%, respectively. The total flea indices for Marmota himalayana and small rodents were 3.29 and 0.25, respectively. The flea infection rate of Marmota himalayana＇s hole was 4.93% with the total flea index of 0.07. Totally 3 043 samples were tested, and 10 Yersinia pestis strains were collected from dead Marmota himalayana, dead rodents and vector insects. 4 of 923 sera samples obtained from human and animals were positive via IHA. Conclusions It is revealed that plague epidemic situation is active in Ulan County, Xidatan area and Yushu County.
出处
《地方病通报》
2009年第4期20-23,共4页
Endemic Diseases Bulletin
关键词
鼠疫
监测点
分析
青海
Plague
Surveillance sites
Analysis
Qinghai
