摘要
目的了解北京市东城区居民对甲型H1N1流感的基本认知和态度,为制定适宜的健康教育策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选择北京市东城区2个社区,2家医院,2所学校、3个行业单位,共557人进行自填式问卷调查。结果93.9%的被调查者能够正确判断甲型H1N1流感是呼吸道传染病。居民对于"经常用肥皂和清水洗手"和"不去人群拥挤的场所"可以预防甲型H1N1流感的知晓率比较高,分别为88.9%和80.6%;而对"避免接触流感症状或肺炎等呼吸道疾病患者"和"咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾遮住口鼻"等预防措施的知晓率较低,分别为28.2%和37.9%。72.0%的人认为甲型H1N1流感"有所控制,但仍在扩散";与甲型H1N1流感暴发前相比,85.1%的人比以前更关注健康相关信息,84.4%的人比以前更注重自己的个人卫生习惯,89.6%的人去医院就诊/探视病人时会主动佩戴口罩。超过80%的居民对政府采取的防控措施和信息发布工作表示满意。结论居民对甲型H1N1流感知识掌握不全面,倾向于采取健康行为,通过大众传媒等途径开展的流感健康教育还应进一步加强。
Objective To understand the residents＇ knowledge and attitude of influenza A （H1N1） in Dongcheng District of Beijing City, and to provide the basis for making proper strategy of health education. Methods 557 residents from 2 communities, 2 hospitals, 2 schools and 3 industries were selected to complete self-administered questionnaires with stratified random sampling. Results 93.9% of the participants knew that influenza A （ H1N1 ） was a respiratory infectious disease, The awareness rates of the participants about the H1N1 prevention methods as ＂washing hands with clean water and soap usually＂ and ＂never going to crowd places＂ were 88.9% and 80. 6% , respectively, and the rates as ＂avoiding contacting the patients with respiratory diseases like pneumona or influenza＂ and ＂covering over the mouth and nose during coughing and sneezing＂ were 28. 2% and 37. 9%, respectively. 72.0% of the residents thought H1N1 was still spreading but could be under control. 85.1% and 84. 4% of the participants respectively paid more attention to healthrelated information and health behaviors than before. 89. 6% of the residents who went to hospital would take mask actively. More than 80% of the respondents gave high appraisal to the prevention and control measures and the information released by the government. Conclusion The residents know about influenza A （ H1 N1 ） in a certain degree, and are prone to take health behaviors. It is necessary to strengthen the health education of influenza through a variety of methods such as mass media.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2009年第8期593-595,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
