摘要
以皇家嘎拉、红嘎拉、新乔纳金、富士苹果为试材,研究了苹果树冠不同区位果实产量和品质特征及其与枝叶空间分布的关系。结果表明:供试品种果实产量和数量均主要分布在树冠1-2、2-2和3-2区位;皇家嘎拉和红嘎拉果形指数较高的区位分别集中在树冠第3、1层和第4、3层,新乔纳金和富士果形指数在树冠内分布较均衡;4个品种单果重较大的区位主要分布在树冠第1、3层;皇家嘎拉、红嘎拉、新乔纳金果实着色程度从上至下、从外至内逐渐变浅;皇家嘎拉、红嘎拉果实胴部锈量和梗洼锈量以第4、1层较多,富士以第2层较多,新乔纳金果实胴部锈量较少,梗洼锈量在第4、3层较多;皇家嘎拉和富士果肉硬度随树冠高度的降低总体呈下降趋势,红嘎拉树冠第2、3层外围和次外围区位以及4-1区位果肉硬度较大,新乔纳金没有明显变化规律;皇家嘎拉果实可溶性固形物含量以1-1和3-1区位较高,红嘎拉、新乔纳金和富士则以第4层较高;相关性分析表明,4个品种树冠不同区位枝叶量与果实数量和产量相关性均达到显著性水平,红嘎拉果肉硬度与枝量和叶量均呈极显著正相关,皇家嘎拉、新乔纳金、富士果实品质和枝叶量的相关性均未达显著性水平。
Taking Royal Gala, Red Gala, New Jonagold and Fuji apples as experiment materials, the fruit yield and quality in different parts of apple trees and their relationship with spatial distribution of shoots and foliage were researched. The results showed that the fruit yield and quantity mainly distributed in 1 -2,2 -2 and 3 -2 parts of tree crown. The fruit shape index of Royal Gala and Red Gala were larger at the 3rd F and 1st F, 4th F and 3rd F of tree crown respectively, and that of New Jonagold and Fuji were distributed uniformly. The single fruit weight was larger at the 1st F and 3rd F of tree crown. The fruit coloring degree of Royal Gala, Red Gala and New Jonagold were lower and lower from up to down and from outside to inside of the crown. The rust amount on fruit body and stalk cavity of Royal Gala and Red Gala were larger at the 4th and 1st F, while those of Fuji were larger at the 2nd F; the rust on fruit body of New Jonagold was less while that on stalk cavity was larger at the 4th and 3rd F. The flesh hardness of Royal Gala and Fuji decreased with the descending of the height of tree crown, while that of Red Gala was larger at the periphery, secondary periphery and 4 - 1 parts of the 2nd and 3rd F of tree crown. The fruit soluble solid of Royal Gala was larger in 1 - 1 and 3 - 1 parts, and that of Red Gala, New Jonagold and Fuji were larger at the 4th F of tree crown. The correlation analysis showed that the quantity of shoots and foliage in different parts were significantly correlated with the quantity of shoots and foliage, while the eorrelativity between fruit quality and quantity of shoots and foliage of Royal Gala, New Jonagold and Fuji were not significant.
出处
《山东农业科学》
2009年第7期45-49,52,共6页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
现代农业苹果产业技术体系专项经费项目(MATS)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(nyhyzx07-024)
关键词
苹果
树冠
产量
品质
枝叶空间分布
Apple
Tree crown
Yield
Quality
Saptial distribution of shoots and foliage
