摘要
柴达木盆地具有通过合理利用水土光温资源发展集经济、社会及生态效益为一体的荒漠绿洲生态农业的资源优势:土地辽阔、宜农荒地有200多万亩;淡水资源比较丰富,地表和地下水资源达49亿立方米;光能资源丰富,年总辐射量达160～180千卡/厘米~2,日照时数长达2869.1～3550小时;有良好的水电开发条件及发展农业的基础条件。但也存在着干旱、盐碱、风沙、高寒、开发投资大等限制因素。发展生态农业,应坚持农、林、牧结合、相互促进、全面发展,积极稳妥地建设好商品粮、畜产品与农牧副食品生产基地,逐步改善盆地生态环境,具体地应做好低产田改造、改善水利工程、平整土地、加强防护林建设。当前,要以恢复弃耕的土地和提高单产为重点,完善生态农业建设;在巩固的基础上,适当开垦宜农荒地;以为生态农业的大开发和扩大开垦奠定基础。
The Qaidam Basin has such valuable resources as to enable the development of 'Desert Oasis' ecological agriculture which can bring about economic, social and ecological benefits by means of rationally utilizing its water,soil, light and heat resources. With its 2 million mu of wasteland favourable for farming, 4.9 billion cubic meters of fresh surface and ground water,160—180 kcal/cm^2 of annual solar radiation, 2869.1—3550 hours of sunlight, the Basin provides us with good conditions for exploiting hydroelectric power and the basis of developing agriculture. However, there exist such constraints as drought, salinization, wind and sand, severe winter and enormous investment for exploitation. Thus, for the purpose of developing ecological agriculture, measures must be taken to integrate agriculture, forestry and livestock farming comprehensively,to actively and steadily construct bases of commodity grain, livestock products and non-staple foodstuffs to improve the ecological environment of the Basin step dy step.Specifically,work must be done to transform low-yield fields, improve hydraulic projects,level land and strengthen shelter-forests. At present, attention must be focused on restoring poor soil and increasing per unit area yields to complete the construction of ecological agriculture. And, on the basis of consolidation,wasteland favourable for farming should be opened up to lay the foundation for widespread developmetn of ecological agriculture and enlarged reclamation.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第4期30-35,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
