摘要
本文是作者“十三、十四世纪江南农业变化探讨”系列论文之三，主要讨论的问题有二，一是农民经营规模的变化，二是亩产量的变化。作者认为：自南宋末至明初，江南农户均耕地面积有明显的减少。这个减少，主要是因为农民家庭规模的缩小，以及农民耕作方式的变化，而非所谓的“人口压力”的增强所致。在经营规模缩小的同时，单位耕地的产量则有明显的提高。若以相同的衡制计，自宋末至明初，江南稻田的平均亩产量提高了60％以上。这种“宁可少好，不可多恶”（王祯语）的经营方式，开创了江南农业经营史的新时代。
篢hs is the third one of the author's series of articles on agricultural changes which took place in Jiangnan area during the period of the Song-Yuan-Ming transition. In this article, the author concentrates on two of main changes of farm management-changes of farm size and of yield per acreage. It is the author's point that farm size shrank obviously in this period, not because so-called 'population pressure'increased, but because family size of peasants became smaller and farming became intensive. At the same time, yield per mu rose up considerably. Among major crops, yield of rice, the most important crop, increased by more than 60% during this period. This pattern of management, which was characterized as 'the smaller but better management is superior to the more but worse management', ushered a new phase of management history of Jiangnan agriculture.
出处
《中国农史》
CSSCI
北大核心
1998年第2期30-39,共10页
Agricultural History of China
