摘要
作为世界上管网密度最大的地区,欧洲已建成长度超过15.6万千米的天然气干线管道和长度超过119.5万千米的配气管道。欧洲的天然气管网基础设施成熟,网络化程度高;管网按不同功能划分,压力、参数等取值相对标准化;联络线众多,调度灵活;调峰模式基本以地下储气库调峰为主,多种储气方式共存,储备率较合理;形成了较完善的管输天然气质量标准体系;具有运营模式多样化等特点。当前我国的天然气管道建设已经进入新的建设高峰期,应该借鉴国外管道发达国家的经验,使天然气管网的规划更为科学合理。为此,建议根据我国天然气市场需求,把握管道建设节奏;适当放大管道设计输送能力;整体规划干线管道和支线管道;将陆上管道和LNG接收站互相联通,同时加大地下储气库的建设力度。未来我国天然气管网的发展将呈现多气源供气格局,全国性基干管网将继续扩大和完善,区域性支干管网的规划和建设将迅速加强,地下储气库将形成一定规模,天然气管网逐步形成"统一调控、建管分开"的管理模式。
Europe, which controls the world’s densest pipelinegrid, has built more than 156,000 kilometers of natural-gas trunk lines and 1.195 million kilometers of distributionpipelines. Supported by a well-established infrastructure, thecontinent’s pipeline grid is highly interconnected. The gridis laid out according to function, and values such as pressureand parameters are fairly standardized. Control is flexiblethanks to the large number of connecting lines. Peak shavingis handled largely through reserves held in undergroundstorage, and a variety of storage methods are used, witha fairly reasonable reserve ratio. Pipeline transmission isgoverned by a comprehensive set of quality standards. Thegrid is characterized by a diversity of operating models.In China, where pipeline construction has hit a new peak,we would do well to study the examples of other nationswith well-established grids. This will make the planningprocess a more scientific and rational one. In order to achievethis, the author recommends pacing pipeline constructionEaccording to market demand for natural gas; expanding transmission capacity as appropriate; incorporating trunk and branch lines into an overarching plan; connecting onshore pipelines with LNG terminals; and accelerating the construction of underground gas storage facilities. A diverse supply structure will emerge as China’s pipeline grid develops, and the frame of the nationwide grid will expand in size and coverage. There will be a dramatic upswing in the planning and construction of regional branch and trunk systems, and sizeable underground storage facilities will take shape. Ultimately, the grid will operate under a management model characterized by 'uniform control and construction separated from management.'
出处
《国际石油经济》
2009年第6期45-48,61,共5页
International Petroleum Economics
