摘要
目的分析总结中枢神经系统黑色素细胞肿瘤的CT和MRI表现。资料与方法回顾性分析15例经手术病理证实的中枢神经系统黑色素细胞肿瘤患者的CT、MRI影像特点。男9例,女6例,平均年龄33岁。全部病例行MR平扫及增强扫描,5例颅内病例行CT平扫。结果颅内黑色素细胞肿瘤10例,其中单发7例,多发3例;椎管内5例,单发4例,多发1例,共6个病灶。幕上6例,幕下3例,骑跨幕上下1例。椎管内2个病灶位于颈段,2个病灶位于胸段,2个病灶位于胸腰段。颅内病灶位于脑外或邻近脑表面,椎管内1例位于髓内,其余位于髓外硬膜下。CT平扫2例为低密度,3例为高密度。MR平扫,9例为显著短T1、短T2信号,其他信号表现各异。增强扫描均为明显强化。4例脑膜广泛转移。结论中枢神经系统黑色素细胞肿瘤具有典型的影像表现,尤其是MRI信号特点具有特征性,术前可以做出准确诊断。
Objective To analyze and summarize the CT and MRI manifestations of melanocytic neoplasms in the central nervous system. Materials and Methods CT and MRI manifestations and clinical information of fifteen cases （9 males and 6 females with the mean age of 33 years） with melanocytic neoplasms diagnosed by histological result were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients performed none-contrast and contrast MR scanning, five patients performed head CT plain scanning. Results There were 10 cases of intracranial melanocytic neoplasms presented as single lesion in 7 cases and multiple lesions in 3 cases. 5 cases of intraspinal melanocytic neoplasms presented as single lesion in 4 cases and multiple lesions in 1 cases. The lesions of 6 cases were located at supratentorial region, 3 lesions were located at infratentorial region and 1 lesion straddled the tentorium of cerebellum. The intraspinal tumors were located in the cercival spine （2 tumors）, thoracic spine（2 tumors）, thoracolumbar spine（2 tumors） respectively. 1 tumor was in the intramedullary cone, others were extraaxial or intraxial adjacent to the encephalic surface and in the extramedullary-intradural space. The lesions demonstrated as hypodensity in 2 cases and hyperdensity in 3cases on CT plain images. The tumors were dominant hyperintense on T1-weithted images and hypointense on T2-weithed images relative to normal white matter in 9 cases, other tumors demonstrated various intensity in different degree. The tumors exhibited remarkable enhancement after administration of the contrast agent. Diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement were seen in 4 cases, which represented the widespread metastasis of the leptomeninges. Conclusion The melanocytic neoplasms in central nervous system could be diagnosed definitely preoperatively according to their special imaging features of CT and MRI, especially the characteristic singnal intensities.
出处
《临床放射学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期917-920,共4页
Journal of Clinical Radiology
