4Moore EE, Cogbill TH, Jurkovioch C J, et al. Organ injury scaling: spleen and liver [ J ]. J Trauma, 1995,38 ( 3 ) :323 - 324.
5Kar kiner A, Temir G, Utku M, et al. The efficacy of nonoperative management in childhood blunt hepatic trauma [ J ]. Ulus Travma Derg,2005,11 (2) :128 - 133.