摘要
为评价新疆喀什地区农村改水效益，我们按照国家农村饮用水水质的标准和分析方法，分析、计算出改水后饮用水中的细菌总数和大肠菌群下降了51．02％，集中式和分散式供水的水质综合指数（WQI）分别为改水前的15．38％和20．00％；分析与饮水有关的介水传染病（即霍乱、痢疾、肝炎、伤寒）的总发病率，改水后较改水前平均下降了61．18％。用人力资本法计算得出，减少上述疾病可能造成的经济损失639350元/a，节省取水劳动力时间可获取经济效益26464109元/a；改水后填平涝坝可新增农田2．78km2，增加农田用水300000m3，农村改水促进了农村生产和经济发展。
Based on the national standard for rural drinking water quality and its analyzing method,the benefit of the rural water trans-formation in Kashgar Prelecture was assessed. After the transformation,the total bacterial numbers and coll. reduce by 51.02%, the water quality index of central and decentral watering is 15. 38 % and 20.00% of that before transforming,respec-tively;the total incidence in relation to waterborne infectin (cholera,dysentery . hepatitis and typhoid) reduces by 61. 18% in average. On the basis of manpower capital calculation,the avoided loss resulting from reducing the diseases mentioned above is 639, 350RMB per year and the economic benefit from saving labor force of water intake is 26, 466,109RMB per year. After the tran formation, 2. 78km2 additional farmland can be got from filling wterlogged lowland and 300, 000m3 water for farmland can be increased. The rural water transformation driproves the agricultural production and economic development.
出处
《干旱环境监测》
北大核心
1998年第2期87-89,共3页
Arid Environmental Monitoring
基金
本研究为新疆卫生厅资助
