摘要
危岩崩塌是我国山区公路主要病害类型,具有分布广泛、前兆不明、突变失稳、致灾严重等特征,防治难度大。以发生在2007年11月20日湖北巴东高阳寨国道318线K1405并导致1辆客车被掩埋和31人死亡的特大型崩塌灾害为背景,分析了三峡库区公路边坡崩塌灾害安全问题,揭示了缓倾角层状岩体边坡危岩群发性机理。研究发现群发性危岩一般由多层危岩体叠置而成,当顶部危岩体断裂失稳后,通常作为荷载直接施加在下部危岩体上,加速了下部危岩体的破坏过程;国道318线K1405崩塌源存在9个危岩块,按照3层叠置,其破坏过程符合危岩群发性破坏机理,已经崩落的第3层危岩顶部第4层危岩体目前已处于欠稳定状态;初步构建了公路边坡崩塌灾害警报系统,包括4个部分,即监测仪、预警仪、警示牌、无线传输和信号解译。最后分析了在公路建设及养护过程中高度重视地质安全的必要性。
As the major hazard along the mountain highways, the characteristics of avalanche are wild distribution, no prognostic, sudden instability, serious disaster-causing trouble, difficult prevention and treatment. The paper takes it for example that the special serious collapse hazard at the Kld05 of No. 318 National highways, locating at Gaoyangzhai, Badong county, Hubei province, on November 20, 2007. It has buried a bus with 31 persons dead. Based on this, it analyzes the safe problem of slope along highway＇ s collapse hazard in Three Gorges Reservoir region, revealing the perilous rocks are group incident mechanism for the low-angled stratofabric rock slope. It is discovered that the group incident perilous rocks are commonly caused by pile up muhilayer perilous rocks. When the top perilous rocks that had been the loads for the nether rock collapsed and the nether rock will be destroyed quickly. The collapse source at the K1405 of No. 318 national highways is 9 perilous rocks in the arrangement of 3 layers. The destructive process is up to the destructive mechanism of perilous rocks group occurrence. At the top of the collapsed perilous rocks of the third layer, perilous rocks of the fourth layer have been not enough stable. The paper tentatively establishes an early warning system of collapse hazard along highway which includes 4 parts： monitoring instrument, an early warning instrument, warning board, wireless transmission and signal translation. In the end the necessity of taking geologic safety seriously during the course of the highway construction and maintenance is analyzed.
出处
《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2009年第3期26-29,F0003,共5页
Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.50678182)
重庆市重点自然科学基金项目(No.2008BA0015)
关键词
三峡库区
公路边坡
危岩
崩塌灾害
形成机理
警报系统
Three Gorges Reservoir region
slope along highway
perilous rock
collapse hazard
developing mechanism
alarming system
