摘要
目的调查滕州市农村小学生的视力、立体视锐度及弱视和斜视的患病情况，并对Titmus立体视图检查法、视力检查法、Titmus立体视图联合视力检查法三种弱视筛选试验进行评价。方法应用随机整群抽样调查方法，共抽取滕州市8所农村小学，共有小学生2742人，年龄5～14岁，平均（9．3±2.3）岁。进行Titmus立体视图、裸眼视力、眼位及眼球运动检查，对任一眼裸眼视力〈1．0者进行视网膜检影验光。结果（1）小学生视力低常率为13．83％，从7岁至13岁视力低常率呈逐渐上升趋势；视力低常的首位原因为屈光不正／弱视，其中近视占79．67％（486眼／610眼）；（2）弱视患病率为1．50％，97．5％（39／40）的弱视患儿为首次被筛查出来；斜视患病率为1．72％；（3）非弱视／斜视儿童的立体视锐度5岁年龄组为60″，6岁年龄组为50″，7岁及以上年龄组均为40″；弱视患者中立体视锐度异常者占77．5％（31／40），斜视患者中立体视锐度异常者占28．3％（13／46）；（4）Titmus立体视图联合视力检查法筛选弱视的特异度（99．47％）及粗一致性（99．06％）最高，误诊率（0．53％）最低；其次为Titmus立体视图检查法（特异度为97．98％；粗一致性为97．59％；误诊率为2．02％）；视力检查法的特异度（87．47％）及粗一致性（87．66％）最低，误诊率（12．53％）最高。结论滕州市农村小学生视力低下的首位原因为近视；弱视和斜视是影响立体视觉发育的主要因素；Titmus立体视图联合视力检查法可提高学龄儿童弱视筛选的效率。
Objective To investigate the visual acuity, stereoacuity and the prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus of primary school children in rural areas in Tengzhou, Shandong as well as to evaluate the efficiency of three methods in screening amblyopia. Methods In this population-based study, children aged 5 to 14 years old in primary school were randomly selected by a cluster sampling in which school shift was the sam- pling unit. Titmus stereo-test, visual acuity （VA）, cover-test and ocular motility evaluation were examined for each child. Retinoscopy was performed for children with VA （ 1.0 in either eye. Results （ 1 ） Of 2668 effective examinations, 369 cases （13.83%） were poor eyesight. （2） The prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus were 1.50% and 1.72% respectively. Out of 40 amblyopia children, 39 were screened at the first time. （3） The stereoacuity in normal children was 40″, 31 （ 77.5% ） children with amblyopia showed abnormal stereoacuity, while 28.3% for strabismus. （4） Specificity and crude agreement of combined Titmus with VA were 99.47% and 99.06%, which were highest in the three methods. The second was Titmus stereo-test with 97.98% and 97.59% ,VA was the lowest. Conclusion The most important cause of poor eyesight in primary school children is myopia. Amblyopia and strabismus might have significantly effects on stereoacuity. The most efficient method of screening amblyopia was stereo-test combined with visual acuity.
出处
《中国实用眼科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期665-669,共5页
Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology
关键词
视力
弱视
斜视
Titmus立体图
学龄儿童
Visual acuity
AmblyopiaStrabismus
Titmus stereo-test
School-aged children
