摘要
本文总结了乳状液转相的基本理论和近年来的研究进展。影响乳液转相的因素主要有配方变量、组成变量和乳化方案,其中由配方变量引起的转相称为过渡转相,而由组成变量引起的转相称为突变转相。可以用综合变量(SAD或HLD)来描述不同配方变量对乳液物理化学配方的影响。通过绘制配方-组成关系图,可以通过图中的标准转相线或动态转相线来研究乳液的转相特性。与标准转相线相比较,乳液的动态转相线存在明显的滞后现象。乳液的突变动态转相有两种形式:从反常乳液到正常乳液的转相和从正常乳液到反常乳液的转相。Pickering乳液的转相不存在明显的滞后现象。目前,乳液转相技术已被广泛应用于纳米乳液和高内相黏度、高内相体积分数乳液的制备工艺中。此外,在原油/稠油的开采和输送工艺中,乳液转相技术也有着重要应用。
In this paper, the basic theory and recent progress of emulsion phase inversion are summarized in detail. The main factors influencing emulsion phase inversion are formulation variables, composition variables and emulsification protocol. The emulsion phase inversion induced by changing formulation variables is called transitional phase inversion and that induced by changing composition variables is called catastrophic phase inversion. An integrative variable （SAD or HLD） can be used to describe the effects of different formulation variables on the physicochemical formulation of emulsions. The phase inversion characteristics of emulsions can be studied by the standard phase inversion line or dynamic phase inversion line in the formulation-composition maps. Compared with the standard phase inversion line, the dynamic phase inversion line shows clear hysteresis phenomenon. The catastrophic dynamic phase inversion is divided into two types： the phase inversion from normal to abnormal emulsions and the phase inversion from abnormal to normal emulsions. The phase inversion of Picketing emulsions shows no hysteresis phenomenon. The phase inversion technique of emulsions has been widely used for the preparation of nanoemulsions and emulsions with high volume fraction or high viscosity of the internal phase. In addition, the phase inversion technique also has important applications in the crude oil/ heavy oil recovery and transportation processes.
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期1124-1133,共10页
Progress in Chemistry
关键词
乳状液
配方-组成图
过渡转相
突变转相
标准转相线
动态转相线
emulsions
formulation-composition map
transitional phase inversion
catastrophic phase inversion
standard phase inversion line
dynamic phase inversion line
