摘要
本文对青藏高原ＳＭＭＲ候积雪深度、ＮＯＡＡ周积雪面积、地面台站积雪深度进行了分析。结果表明青藏高原东西两侧多雪与腹地少雪形成鲜明对比，高原东部是高原积雪年际变化最显著的地区，它主导了整个高原积雪的年际变化，并且与西部多雪区年际波动呈反位相关系。从６０年代到８０年代积雪年际波动幅度有明显增加趋势，积雪变化具有３年左右的准周期。随着全球变暖，青藏高原积雪将会有所增加。
In this paper three complete Qinghai Xizang Plateau snow cover data sets consisting of SMMR microwave pentad snow depth maps covering the period 1978~1987, operational NOAA weekly snow cover extent charts during the period between 1966~1989, and daily snow depth data at 60 primary weather stations cover the 36 year period 1957~1992, were used to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of snow cover over the Qinghai Xizang Plateau by using EOF method, spectral analysis as well as trend estimate analysis, and so on. The results showed that the spatial distribution of snow cover over the Qinghai Xizang Plateau is very inhomogeneous. The heavy snow cover in periphery, especially in western and eastern parts of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau evidently compares with the light snow cover in the vast interior of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau. The heavy snow cover region in the east of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau is the most significant region of the interannual variation of snow cover on the Qinghai Xizang Plateau, and dominates the interannual variation of snow cover in the whole Plateau. There is an opposite phase relation between the western parts and the eastern parts of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau in the interannual fluctuation of snow cover. The interannual fluctuation of snow cover over the Qinghai Xizang Plateau is at a quasi periodicity of about three years. This indicates that the interannual fluctuation of snow cover over the Qinghai Xizang Plateau possibly is resulted from sea atmosphere circulation anomolies in equatorial pacific. There is an augmentative trend of inter annual fluctuation amplitude of snow cover over the Qinghai Xizang Plateau from 1960s to 1980s. The results of trend estimmate by using ARMA imply that the increasing trends of snow volume are almost omnipresent over the entire Qinghai Xizang Plateau, whereas the decreasing trends of snow volume principally limit to local areas. Therefore, snow cover on the Qinghai Xizang Plateau will increase with global warming.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期209-215,共7页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
中国科学院"八五"重大应用项目
中国科学院"冰冻圈动态变化"基础研究课题
关键词
青藏高原
积雪
EOF分析
空间分布
变化特征
snow cover on the Qinghai Xizang Plateau, EOF analysis, spectral analysis, characteristics of spatial distribution and variation
