摘要
山楂叶螨的秋冬管理已经成为苹果安全生产的重要环节，为确定该螨在苹果树生长后期的动态，通过系统观测，应用聚集度指标法和聚类分析，对苹果树冠山楂叶螨的空间格局与动态进行了研究。结果表明，7～10月山楂叶螨在苹果树冠不同高度和不同方向均呈聚集分布，平均拥挤度为上层〉中层〉下层，南侧〉东侧〉西侧〉北侧，外层〉内层。在7～10月的前期山楂叶螨在苹果树冠的水平方向和垂直方向均表现高聚块、后期低聚块，冠内叶片老化而种群量低。该螨在树冠内层容易聚合、外层相反，其密度内层高，外层低；长时间的强降雨可迅速降低树冠叶螨种群数量，短时间的降雨对树冠上层螨量影响显著。因此，7～10月对苹果园山楂叶螨的管理关键是注意树冠内堂，并根据降雨的强度和持续时间采取灵活的措施进行防治。
The management of Tetranychus viennensis in autumn and winter plays an important role in the production of apple. To ascertain the dynamic state of this pest at later growth stage of apple tree, the spatial framework and dynamic state of the pest in the crown of apple tree were studied through systematic observation, and data were analyzed with level index method. The results indicated that the spatial distribution pattern of T. viennensis from June to October was an aggregative one, and mean crowding from strong to weak was in the orders of upper layer〉 middle layer〉 under layer, south side〉 east side〉 west side〉 north side, and outer layer〉 inner layer. From June to October, it showed high density in both horizontal and perpendicular directions in prophase, but low in anaphase, population quantity decreased along with leaf aging. T. viennensis prefered inner side of crown to aggregate than outer side, so it showed the highest intimate degree in inner side, and the lowest in outer side. Longtime heavy rainfall descreased the population quantity in crown rapidly, and short time rainfall affected upper layer of crown prominently. During this period, attention should be paid to the inner side of a crown, and a flexible control should be applied according to the intensity and duration of rainfall.
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期135-139,共5页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
陕西省农业攻关项目(2008K01-04)
世界银行资助项目(Y/SHYL/XY/050)
关键词
山楂叶螨
空间格局
时序动态
分布型
Tetranychus viennenis
spatial pattern
time-series dynamics
distribution pattern
