摘要
国民党第五次全国代表大会是象征着国民党在国难危急关头走向"团结统一"的标志性事件。本文将以最新公布的《蒋介石日记》,辅以其他相关当事人的日记、信函,结合当时的舆论,通过还原国民党五全大会前后西南与中央间走向"团结"的过程,力图揭示"团结"表象背后的武力威慑、派系纠葛与权谋运用。1934年底,蒋借红军西撤之机,入黔、拉滇以制粤桂。在战略上居于主动地位前提下,蒋欲借五全大会召开之机,通过"党权"的让步与妥协,促成西南与中央间的"复合"。然而,因双方在实际利害面前各不相让,加之心理上的壁垒森严,这一形式上的"团结"并未增进双方实质上之凝聚力。中央与西南间之"团结"仅昙花一现,很快又重回到武力解决的旧轨。
The Fifth Plenary Session of the Guomindang was a symbolic affair that represented the Guomindang taking a step to-ward'unity'in the face of national crisis.Using Chiang Kai-shek’s diary,recently made public,supplemented by diariesand letters of people associated with the plenary,combined with contemporary public opinions,this article tries to recon-struct the process of the Southwest’s steps toward'unity'with the central government before and after the Fifth PlenarySession of the Guomindang,in order to bring to light the military threats,factional struggles and political maneuvering be-hind the facade of'unity.'At the end of 1934,taking advantage of the Red Army’s westward withdrawal,Chiang enteredGuizhou,and united with Yunnan warlords to control Guangdong and Guangxi.Holding the strategic initiative,Chiang wan-ted to use the Fifth Plenary Session as an opportunity to promote the'reunification'of the Southwest and the central gov-emment,by offering compromises on the subject of'party power.'However,both sides did not give in to each other in theface of the real advantages and disadvantages at stake. This,together with each side’s iron-clad determination,preventedthe superficial'unity'achieved at the plenary from inereasing the actual cohesion between the two sides.The'unity'be-tween the central government and the Southwest was just a flash in the pan,and they soon returned to their old ways,resol-ving disputes with military forees.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第3期28-48,共21页
Modern Chinese History Studies
