摘要
以1975年的MSS数据,1990年和2005年的TM数据,以及2000年的ETM数据为信息源,在GIS技术的支持下,对玛曲地区的土地利用/覆盖变化进行了监测。研究发现:从1975年到2005年的30 a间,该地区的生态环境呈现出严重的退化趋势,其中沼泽地和林地面积持续减少,沙地面积在1975年到2000年之间呈增加趋势,但从2000—2005年面积大幅度减少。草场退化现象严重,高覆盖度草地减少,裸土地面积增加,建筑用地面积大幅度增加。应用转移矩阵对不同地类之间的相互转换研究发现:高覆盖度草地主要转变为中、低覆盖度草地,沼泽地主要转变为高、中、低覆盖度类型的草地。玛曲环境退化受到自然环境和人类活动的双重影响,气温升高,降水量减少和过渡放牧是导致该地区生态环境退化的主要因素。
The Landsat MSS images in 1975, Landsat TM images in 1990 and 2005 and Landsat ETM images in 2000 were used to monitor the land use/cover change （LUCC） of Maqu County with the assistance of RS and GIS techniques. The results show that the eco-environment of this region degraded greatly from 1975 to 2005. During the thirty years, swampland shrank directly from 936.99 km2 to 895.04 km2 ; sandy land area changed with a great fluctuation： expanded from 1975 to 2000, then turned to decrease from 2000 to 2005; the area of forest and high coverage grassland decreased gradually; meanwhile, urban and rural building area expanded rapidly. Based on the analysis of conversion matrix, it＇s found that the degraded grasslands were mainly from the high and moderate coverage grassland converted to low coverage grassland, and the swampland converted to different kinds of degraded grassland. The eco-environmental degradation in Maqu county was mainly caused both by environment change and over grazing.
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期457-462,共6页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(40638038)资助
关键词
玛曲
遥感监测
GIS
RS
LUCC
land use/cover change
remote sensing monitoring
GIS
RS
Maqu county
