摘要
为探索普洱茶后发酵过程中各阶段茶样香气成分变化,跟踪普洱茶的整个后发酵过程,采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取所取茶样的香气成分,采用气质联用法对其进行分析,同时对茶样进行感官评定。经气质联用分析鉴定,共鉴定出香气成分65种,其中碳氢化合物11种,醇类化合物10种,醛类化合物13种,酮类化合物10种,酸类化合物6种,酯类化合物6种,其他类化合物9种;晒青毛茶的香气组分以芳樟醇、4-苯基吡啶、叶绿醇(植醇)、3,7二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇、n-棕榈酸、4-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊醇等为主,普洱熟茶出堆样的香气组分以n-棕榈酸、二氢猕猴桃内酯、二氢海葵内酯、二乙基-2-甲基十三醇、反式-β-大马酮等为主。在整个发酵过程中,各茶叶样品中的香气组分,除醇类化合物和其他类化合物相对含量总体上逐渐减少外,酮类、醛类、酸类、酯类等物质的相对含量总体上都处于增加状态,甲基化物质的种类和数量随着后发酵的进行都呈增加趋势。
Objective： To reveal the origin of aroma substances in ripe Pu-erh tea and provide guidance for the production of ripe Pu-erh tea by exploring the changes in aroma components during post-fermentation process. Methods： Simultaneous distillation-solvent extraction was applied to extract aroma compounds from Pu-erh tea samples at different post-fermentation stages, and the aroma compounds were analyzed by GC-MS. Besides, these Pu-erh tea samples were subjected to sensory evaluation. Results： 65 kinds of aroma components were totally identified in Pu-erh tea samples at different post-fermentation stages, including 11 hydrocarbon kinds, 10 alcohol kinds, 13 aldehyde kinds, 10 ketone kinds, 6 acid kinds, 6 ester kinds, and 9 other compound kinds. The main aroma components of sunshine withering tea were linalool, 4-phenyl-pyridine, phytol, 3,7 dimethyl-l,6- octadiene-3-alcohol, n-palmitic acid, and 4-methyl-2-propyl-l-pentanol, and those of ripe Pu-erh tea were n- palmitic acid, dihydro-kiwi lactone, dihydro lactone anemones, diethyl-2-13 methyl alcohol, and trans-keto- 13 -malaysia. The relative contents of ketones, aldehydes, acids, and esters increased, but those of alcohols and other compounds decreased over the post-fermentation process. Both type and quantity of methylated substances presented rising trend with the post-fermentation extending. The sensory evaluation indicated that the change from clean aroma to stale flavor occurred in the process from sunshine withering tea to ripe Pu-erh tea.
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期252-256,共5页
Food Science
基金
“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD58B06)
国家自然科学基金项目(30660116)
关键词
普洱茶
后发酵
香气成分
同时蒸馏萃取
Pu-erh tea
post-fermentation
aroma components
simultaneous distillation-solvent extraction
