摘要
在温室中研究施用污泥堆肥对土壤和青菜（Brassicachinensis）中重金属的积累状况的影响。污泥堆肥与土壤比例分别为0，5，10，25和50％（体积比）。研究表明，随着污泥堆肥施用量增加，土壤pH略有上升，EC和土壤水溶态K，Ca，Mg，NH4＋和PO43－含量均显著增加。DTPA提取的Cu和Zn，呈显著增加，而Cd，Ph，Ni含量增加仅在高施用量时较显著。与不施肥对照处理相比，该青菜产量随着污泥堆肥施用量增加呈显著增加趋势，并且在5％～10％施用量时获得最高产量。随着污泥堆肥施用量增加，该青菜中Cu，Cd，Zn，Ni和Pb含量也呈积累趋势。在≥5％添加污泥堆肥处理时，地上部分Cu和Zn浓度分别超过国家规定的允许浓度标准10和20mg·kg(-1)，Cd在污泥处理比例≥10％时，青菜组织中含量已超过允许标准0．05mg·kg(-1)。由此说明：在污泥堆肥和利用过程中应进一步严格控制重金属及其在作物体中积累，尤其控制可食部分中重金属的浓度和污泥及污泥堆肥长期施用过程中的重金属在土壤和作物中的积累。
A greenhouse experiment with Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis) as a study model was conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of heavy metals from an metal enriched sewage sludge compost. A loamy soil was amended with sewage sludge compost at rates of 0, 5, 10, 25 and 50% (V/V) which were equivalent to 0, 5. 9, 11. 7, 29. 2 and 58. 5 t·hm(-1), respectively. Addition of sludge compost caused a slight increase in soil pH, and a significant increase in electrical conductivity and soluble K, Ca, Mg, NH4-N, and contents. DTPA extractable Cu and Zn increased significantly with increase in the application rate while a signiticant increase was only observed in the treatment with the highest compost amended soil for Cd, Pb and Ni. The yield of Chinese cabbage was significantly increased with sludge compost amendment as compared to the control with the highestyield at 5% to 10% application rate. An accumulation of Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb was observed with an increase in compost amendment. The Cu and Zn concentrations of shoot at the rate of ≥5% compost amendment exceeded the toxic limit of 10 and 20 mg·kg(-1), respectively. Among the metals studied, only Cd had a tissue content higher than the maximun permitted concentration of trace elements in vegetables at a compost amendment rate of ≥10%. This indicates that there should he a tight control for the use of the sludge compost for edible crop production. Besides, the long term effect of the sludge compost on the accumulation of trace metals in edible parts should also be inbestigated.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第1期113-118,共6页
Journal of China Agricultural University
关键词
污泥堆肥
重金属
允许标准
青菜
发芽率
sludge compost
heavy metal
allowed concentration
Brassica chinensis
seed germination
