摘要
汞是一种人体非必需的有毒重金属元素。近年来,随着全球环境的不断恶化以及人们对汞的毒性的深入认识,世界上不同国家和地区的大型汞矿陆续停产、闭坑。但是,长期的汞矿山开采和冶炼活动,改变和破坏了矿区地表生态系统,对矿区的生态环境造成了严重的汞污染。本文综述了世界范围的汞矿分布和开采冶炼历史以及汞矿开采冶炼的环境影响,主要表现为固体废弃物的排放、水体汞污染、大气汞污染及汞矿活动的大气汞排放、土壤汞污染和食物汞污染。
Mercury is known as a toxic and non--indispensable element for human beings. A number of large--sized mercury mines in the world have been abandoned recently, because of extensive attention to the toxicity of mercury and increased envi- ronmental concern. Serious mercury contamination of the local environment in the mercury mining areas throughout the world has resulted from a long history of large--scale mining and smelting activities. This paper was designed to overview the distri- bution of mercury mines, mercury production in the world and related environmental effects, which are represented by mine-waste discharge, mercury pollution of water, air, soil and food in the mercury mining areas.
出处
《地球与环境》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期80-85,共6页
Earth and Environment
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-443)
关键词
汞矿地区
汞污染
研究进展
mercury mining area mercury pollution
research progress
