摘要
油井生产可视为原油从地层流入井底、再从井底流向井口直到分高器的一个完整系统。该系统中任一部位的物理结构和工作条件的变化,都会影响到整个系统的工作。从系统出发来研究和分析各部位的合理性和潜在的可能性,是系统分析的核心。本文提出采用系统分析法检查抽油井,与过去的常规做法(即凡要提高产量,就试图放大生产压差、放大油嘴或大泵深抽的常规做法)不同。系统分析法首先对油井的现况进行分析,以确定油井的各部位结构和工作条件(参数)在该系统中是否处于最佳状况或起了扼制产量的作用;然后,根据分析结果,采取相应措施以提高产量。文中收集了江汉油田100口油井的实际资料,用系统分析法对油井现况特别是井底结构(包括射孔及井底伤害程度对油井动态的影响)进行了检查。在此基础上,探讨了油井增产的可能性及其途径。检查结果表明,所分析的绝大部分油井,炮眼流道均未能完全发挥作用,井底伤害严重,以致于海米10孔的油井产量只相当于每米1～2孔的产量。依此得出结论:消除井底伤害和提高炮眼流通能力是该地区增加油井产液量最重要的途径。
The well production can be regarded as an integrated system involving a number of flows from the reservoir to the wellbore, then to the wellhead and the separator. The change of construction and conditions of every component in the system would affect the work of the system. In essence, the crux of the system analysis is to study thoroughly the suitability and potential of every component from the viewpoint of the system. This paper presents a new method for evaluating oil well. This method differs greatly from the previous methods, in which an attempt is made to enlarge pressure difference across the completion, that is, to increase both the size of chock or pump and pumping depth in the event of raising production rate. By the method presented, it is the first step to check the well performance and determine whether each component is under the optimal working condition or is restricting the flow rate. Then, some appropriate measures to increase production rate can be taken on the basis of the analysis results. Practical data of 1 O0 wells from Jianghan Oilfield are collected and these wells (especially, their bottomhole constructions) are analysed and the influence of th well's perforations and damage on its performance is evaluated. Based on the above consideration, the possibility and the way to increase production rate are discussod. It is found that the perforation channels in most of the wells analysed are not completely efficient and the wellbors are so damaged that the production rate at 10 shots per meter (spin) is equavelent only to that at 1—2 spm. It is con cluded that elimination of the wellbore damage and improving perforation efficiecy is an important way to increase production.
出处
《江汉石油学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第4期35-42,共8页
Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute
关键词
油田开发
油井
系统分析
oil development
well pumping uniti
system analysis
formation damage
well performance
management
optimization
Jianghan Oilfield
