摘要
目的了解院前急救多发病种及发病时段特征，改进“120”院前急救调度，优化配置和应用医疗资源，为制定疾病防控策略提供依据。方法统计近两年兰州市呼救“120”的25992例院前急救患者疾病谱及发病时段，分析相关因素。结果呼救“120”前三位疾病类型为创伤（30．85％）、神经系统（16．31％）、循环系统（13．36％）疾病。院前病死率在肿瘤（8．77％）、其他（6．46％）、循环（4．95％）、呼吸（4．37％）疾病类型较高。总的发病时段分布呈从0～6时至18～24时逐渐增多趋势。消化、妇产科类疾病0—6时发病最多；循环、神经类疾病0—6时发病最少，其它时段差异不明显；肿瘤类疾病6—12时发病最多；中毒、创伤、理化外因、儿科类疾病18～24时发病最多。结论城市人群中创伤、神经系统、循环系统急危重疾病居发病率前三位，是威胁人群生命健康的主要急症。发病时间呈从凌晨到夜间发病人数逐渐增多趋势。规避相关病因，改变人们的不良生活习惯，合理调配急救医疗资源，应作为未来降低急危重症发病率，减少有关因素对人群生命健康危害的防控策略。
Objective To study the frequently encountered disease sorts of pre - hospital care and characteristic of outbreak in time, so as to improve the 120 dispatch of prehospital emergency care and to optimize the allocation of Medical resources and to supply basis for tactics making of disease control and prevention. Methods All the 25992 cases of pre - hospital care in Lanzhou in the past two years were summarized and classified into groups by disease spectrum and analyzed its correlation. Results Top three pre- hospital emergency diseases were respectively trauma （30.85% ） nervous system diseases （ 16.31% ） and respiratory system disease. The first four causes of pre - hospital death consisted of tumor （ 8.77% ） , other diseases （ 6.46% ） , circulatory system （ 4.95% ） and respiratory system diseases （ 4. 37% ）. The incidence of disease began to increase from 0 -6 am to 18 -24 pm. There were the highest incidence rates in digestion and gynecology diseases and the minimum incidence rates in Cerebrovascnlar and cardiovascular diseases from 0 -6 am, this difference was not obvious in other times. The incidence rates of tumor were highest from 0 - 6 am, the incidence rates of intoxication, Trauma, diseases were lead to by Physical and chemical factorsand and Pediatric diseases were highest from 18 - 24 pm. Conclusion The top three diseases in pre -hospital care in Lanzhou area are trauma, neural disorder and cardiovascular disease, and its are the main emergency that threat to people＇s lives and health. The incidence was increased gradually from the morning to night. Avoiding to the cause - related, the change of people＇s bad habits and the optimize of the allocation of medical resources should be the prevention and control strategies that can reduce the incidence of acute and severe diseases and endanger to the people＇s health.
出处
《中国急救医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期375-377,共3页
Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine
关键词
院前急救
疾病谱
分析
防控
对策
Prehospital care
Disease spectrum
Analysis
Prevent
Countermeasure
