摘要
用旋转主分量（ＲＰＣ）方法，对１９４９～１９８８年４０个夏季的中高纬５００ｈＰａ高度场以及北太平洋和北大西洋海表温度异常（ＳＳＴＡ）的主要时空分布特征作分析，然后通过交叉相关讨论夏季海气相互作用的特征。结果表明，夏季中高纬５００ｈＰａ高度场最明显的异常型为副热带型（ＳＴ），极地北美型（ＰＡ），４波型（ＦＷ），以及３波型（ＴＷ）。夏季北太平洋ＳＳＴ的主要异常型为赤道东太平洋型（ＥＥＰ），阿拉斯加湾型（ＢＡＬ），热带中太平洋（ＣＴＰ），以及北部北太平洋型（ＮＮＰ）。而夏季北大西洋ＳＳＴ的主要异常型为赤道大西洋型（ＥＡＬ），加勒比海型（ＣＡＲ），东部北大西洋型（ＥＮＡ）和中部北大西洋型（ＣＮＡ）。夏季中高纬海气之间的最强相关出现在海气异常对应的空间位置上。这种区域性或邻域性的海气相关呈正相关的特征。但海气之间的相关耦合不及冬季紧密，赤道ＳＳＴＡ与中高纬５００ｈＰａ高度异常的相关不显著。太平洋ＳＳＴＡ所对应的５００ｈＰａ高度场的相关中心多为局地性，而大西洋ＳＳＴＡ所对应的５００ｈＰａ高度场的相关中心呈现更有组织性的，甚至是波状的形态。
he Rotated Principle Component (RPC) technic was employed to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of the summer time geopotential height field at 500 hPa and the sea surface t emperature anomaly (SSTA) in the Northern Hemisphere by using the 40 a observation data ranging from 1949 to 1988. Their correlation was also studied by using cross correlation technic.Results form these study show that, the major anomaly patterns of the summer time 500 hPa geopotential height are the subtropical (ST) pattern, the polar and American (PA) pattern, the four wave (FW) pattern, and the three wave (TW) pattern. The major spatial patterns of the summer time SSTA over the North Pacific are the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP), the Bay of Alaska (BAL), the central tropical Pacific (CTP), and the northern North Pacific (NNP) patterns. Whereas those over the North Atlantic are the equatorial Atlantic (EAL), the Caribbean Sea (CAR), the eastern North Atlantic (ENA), and the central North Atlantic (CNA) patterns.The most strong correlation signals in the airsea interaction appear at the locations of the corresponding anomalies either in the atmosphere or at the sea surface. Such local or neighborhood correlation between atmosphere and ocean usually presents as positive correlation. However the correlation or coupling is not as close as that in the winter season. Particularly, the correlation between the equatorial SSTA and the 500 hPa height in middle latitudes is not significant. The spatial patterns of correlation of the 500 hPa height with the patterns of SSTA over North Pacific are more or less localized; whereas those with the patterns of SSTA over North Atlantic show more organized, even wavechain patterns.
出处
《气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第1期46-54,共9页
Acta Meteorologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
海表温度
高纬
500hPa高度场
夏季
海气相互作用
Rotated principal component (RPC), Anomaly patterns of the 500 hPa height, SST anamaly patterns in North Pacific, SST anomaly patterns in the North Atlantic, Cross correlation.
