摘要
沙特过渡带勘探范围大,地表条件复杂,大部分地区含有高速石灰岩夹层,对地震波有较强的屏蔽作用。针对这一特点,探讨了地震资料采集的难点,并提出了解决难点的相应技术和措施。依据表层结构模型设计井深、优选炸药特性、合理设计气枪组合和确定沉放深度,增强地震波下传的能量;采用震检联合面积组合和海上双检接收的方法,提高资料的信噪比;在受限水域采用浅水气枪垂直叠加技术,以减少炮点的偏移或空炮,保证地震资料有均匀的覆盖次数;采用声波二次定位技术实时监测因海水深度、海流变化等因素造成的海底电缆(OBC)偏移,对偏移误差进行有效控制。
The transitional zone in Saudi Arabia has the characteristics of large prospecting area and complex surface conditions.High-velocity limestone interbed exists in most of the area,which causes strong shielding effect on seismic wave.Aiming at the problem, the difficulties in seismic data acquisition were analyzed;the corresponding technologies and strategies were proposed.Based on the surface layer structure model,the well depth was designed,the dynamite characteristics was optimized,the airgun array was reasonably arranged and the shooting depth was identified,which enhanced the down-going energy of seismic wave.In addition,the source-geophone combined areal array and offshore dual-sensor receiving method was adopted to improve the S/N of data.Thirdly,the shallow water airgun substack technique in the restricted water area to decrease the deviation of shot point or gunned shot and guarantee uniform folds of seismic data.Finally,acoustic secondary positioning technique was utilized to monitor the deviation of ocean bottom cable caused by the sea water depth and ocean current changes, and effectively controlled the offset error.
出处
《石油物探》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第2期157-167,共11页
Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum
关键词
过渡带
复杂地表条件
资料采集
激发因素
接收因素
二次定位技术
transitional zone
complex surface condition
seismic data acquisition
shooting factor
receiving factor
secondary positioning technique
