摘要
目的长期监测烧伤中心病房感染细菌的菌种和耐药率,以指导临床用药。方法应用VITEK-AMS系统检测1993-1996年我院烧伤中心1312株细菌的检出率及细菌耐药性变化。结果4年来检出菌种中铜绿假单胞菌居首位,检出率为31.16％-48.48％;金黄色葡萄球菌次之,检出率为11.48％～16.16％;其后为粪肠球菌、阴沟肠杆菌及不动杆菌等,但各年度位次不一。抗生素对铜绿假单胞菌敏感率超过50％者,1993年为7种,1994～1996年下降为4种。万古霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌(MR-SA)为100％敏感,而头孢菌素及喹喏铜类,对金葡菌均高度耐药(79％～86％)。结论长期监测烧伤中心致病菌种的变更,细菌药敏变化及选择应用敏感抗生素非常重要。
Objective To survey the changes in bacterial flora of burn wounds and antibiotic re- sistance of the isolated bacteria in order to guide the choice of antibiotic in clinical practice. Methods 1312 strains of bacteria were isolated and antibiotic resistance of these bacteria were determined using VITEK-AMS from 1993-1996. Results The positive culture rate of P. aeruginosa occupied the first position (31.16%-48.48%),the second was S. aureus (11.48%-16.16%),followed by Enterococci faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae and B. anitratus. However, the order of frequency varied in every year. In 1993, over 50% of strains of P. aerugiase were sensitive to 7 types of antibiotics, but during 1994 to 1996 they were sensitive to four types. 100% of S. aureus (MRSA) were sensitive to vancomycin, but 79% to 86% of them were resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroqinolones. Conclusion It is very important to survey systematically the variation of bacteria and the changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in a burn center to guide the choice of effective antibiotic in clinical practice.
关键词
烧伤
细菌
耐药性
Burn
Bacteria
Antibiotic resistance
