摘要
目的调查永州市零陵区农村中老年人高血压患病情况,探讨与高血压形成的相关因素及了解知晓率,为防止高血压病的发生提供科学依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法,在永州市零陵区石岩头镇随机抽查12个行政村,长期居住在本地的40岁以上的村民为调查对象,对其进行体格检查、血压测量、相关危险行为及高血压相关知识知晓率等情况的调查。结果在5412名调查对象中,正常血压者2038人,占37.6%;正常高值者1246人,占23.0%;高血压患者2128人,占39.3%,其中1级高血压患者1483人,占患者人数的69.7%,2级高血压患者401人,占18.8%,3级高血压患者244人,占11.50%。在各年龄组中,以≥70岁年龄组高血压患病率最高,为60.0%,65岁年龄组次之,为55.0%,以40岁年龄组最低,为28.0%,各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=104.9,P<0.01)。男性高血压患病率为42.6%,显著高于女性的35.4%(χ2=29.1,P<0.01)。大专以上文化程度患病率最高,为63.4%(49/77)。危险因素暴露率前3位依次为高钠摄入、饮酒和超重,分别为64.8%、60.4%、32.6%;高血压相关知识知晓率前3位依次为发病与肥胖有关、发病与生活紧张有关和发病与饮酒有关,分别为33.0%、28.9%、27.2%。结论高血压病已成为影响农村居民身体健康和生活质量突出的公共卫生问题,应采取综合防治措施进行干预,遏止高血压发病随年龄增长而发病增高的趋势,因此,进行早期健康教育尤为重要。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension of middle- aged and elderly people in villages of Lingling District, Yongzhou City, to survey the relevance of hypertension-- related factors and the awareness rate, and to provide the scientific foundation for preventing the occurrence of hypertension. Methods Residents aged above 40 years in 12 administrative villages of Shiyantou Town, Lingling District, Yongzhou City were investigated on their physical examinations, blood pressure measurement, hypertension related risk behavior and awareness rate of hypertension related knowledge by cluster random sampling method. Results Among the 5,412 investigated individuals, there were 2,,038 normotensive subjects （37.6%）, 1,246 subjects with high- normal blood pressure （23%）, and 2,128 patients with hypertension （39.3%）. Among these patients, there were 1,483 patients with grade Ⅰ hypertension （69.7%）, 401 patients with grade Ⅱ hyperten- sion （18.8 % ）, and 244 patients with grade Ⅲ hypertension （11.5 % ）. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the age group of 70 years or over was the highest by 60 %, followed by the age group of 65 years （55.0 % ）, and the age group of 40 years （28.0 % ）. The difference was statistically significant among all the age groups （X^2 = 104.9, P〈 0.01 ）. The prevalence rate of male was 42.6 %, which was significantly higher than that of female （35.4 % ） （X^2 = 29. 1, P〈 0.01 ）. The prevalence rate of the patients with academic certificates at or above junior college level was the highest （63.4%, 49/77）. High sodium intake （64.8 % ）, drinking （60.4 % ）, and overweight （32.6 % ） ranked the first three places in exposure rates of risk factors. The awareness rates of hypertension related knowledge ranked the first three places were incidence related to obesity （33.0%）, to living under high tension （28.9%）, and to drinking （27.2%）. Conclusions Hypertension has already become .the prominent public health problem which affects the quality of life and health of rural residents, Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to intervene and prevent hypertension incidence trend increased with age, therefore, developing early health education is especially important.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2009年第2期598-600,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
中老年
高血压
患病率
Middle - aged and elderly people
Hypertension
Prevalence rate
