摘要
为提高肺动脉栓塞的诊断和治疗水平，回顾性分析了５４例肺动脉栓塞病例。重点分析常见病因、症状、体征及实验室检查结果。本组５４例病死率为３７％，深静脉血栓形成是肺动脉栓塞发生的主要原因，其发生率为５５％，细菌性心内膜炎、手术、外伤、肿瘤、活动量减少是常见诱因。结论：放射性核素肺灌注和通气扫描相结合具有很高的诊断价值，应做为必查项目；及时诊断和治疗可显著降低病死率和病残率。
Aim:This retrospective study was conducted to review the clinical features of pulmonary embolism.Clinical material and method:From October 1984 to March 1997,54 patients with pulmonary embolism,39 males and 15 females with a mean age of 39 years,were treated in our hospital.30 patients(55%)had a history of recent deep venous thrombosis.Other causes of pulmonary embolism were bacterial endocarditis,surgery,trauma and tumor.The diagnosis was made by radioactive nuclide lung perfusion scan in 24,by pulmonary arterial angiography in 16.Five patients received pulmonary embolectomy and 4 received deep venous embolectomy.The remain 45 patients received medical treatment including combined anticoagulative therapy and thrombolysis in 24 patients and anticoagulative therapy alone in 21 patients.Results:The overall hospital mortalify rate was 37%.The mortality rate was 60% for pulmonary embolectomy,15% for deep venous embolectomy and 22.2% for medical treatment group.Conclusion:Pulmonary embolism is not a rare condition with a high mortality.Radioactive nuclide lung perfusion and ventilation scan play important role in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and have become essential investigations.The combined anticoagulative and thrombolytic treatment are better than anticoagulative treatment alone.
出处
《中华胸心血管外科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期148-151,共4页
Chinese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
关键词
肺动脉栓塞
诊断
治疗
临床分析
Pulmonary embolism Radioactive nuclide lung scan Pulmonary arterial angiography
