摘要
古代希腊历史写作长期以来等同于神话传说和史诗。但自公元前6世纪起,古希腊人的历史写作具有了一种求真精神,开始了历史批判方法和历史学的孕育阶段;希罗多德秉承这种求真精神,以探寻的方法进行历史写作,开始了个案化的历史批判方法,从而使历史批判方法和历史学进入萌芽阶段;修昔底德主张历史著作的目的在于获得真相,为此史学家必须对史料的种类、价值以及使用的原则、方法进行概括和分析说明,并付诸于实践,从而将历史批判方法提升到方法论的高度,历史批判方法和历史学最终形成。
For a long time, Greek historical writing equals mythological legends and epics. However, since 6th century B.C., historical writing by Greeks begins to contain a truth-seeking spirit, which makes it into the pregnant period of historical critical method and history. Herodotus inherits this spirit and writes history with exploration and thus begins historical critical method with case study, which helps historical critical method and history into the sprout period. Then Thucydides claims that the aim of historical writing is to discover the truth and historians, in order to achieve it, historians should analyze and explain the types and values of historical materials and the principles and methods of applying them and meanwhile they should put them into practice. In this way, historical critical method has been promoted the level of methodology to which finally leads the shape of historical critical method and history. Therefore, Thucydides is the genuine father of historical critical method.
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第2期123-129,共7页
Journal of Renmin University of China
关键词
古代希腊
历史批判方法
演进
Greece
historical critical method
evolution
