摘要
古文字中的"(鹿文)",即古文献中所说的麒麟,单称麟或麐。麒麟身上有铠甲式的外表和圆泡钉式的纹斑"肉甲",这也是古人之所以称之为"麐"((鹿文))或"麟"的原因。麒麟头顶部只有一只角,古人认为其与鹿属动物相似。根据头上独肉角、铠甲式外表、圆泡钉式"肉甲"与马蹄类圆蹄,可知其原型实为印度犀牛。麒麟古代被视为四灵兽之一,其特点与印度犀牛的生活习性有关。麒麟虽为庞然大物,但不好斗,故被视为"仁兽"。在古代,印度犀牛因气候环境的变迁而不断南移,中原已很少见到,偶尔来到中原,便被认为是因圣王"仁德"而来,这便是麒麟被圣化为灵兽的重要原由。
The ancient Chinese character [鹿文]（lin） is what the ancient classical literature calls kylin, which is also shortened as 麟（lin） or [鹿文] （lin）. Kylin has a barde--like appearance and round bubble- or nail--like ＂soft armors＂ in stipes. That is the reason why ancient people call it [鹿文] （[鹿文]lor 麟. Kylin has one horn on the head, by which ancient people treat it as similar to the class of deer [鹿文]. Then the prototype of it is actually the Indian rhinoceros; in fact, its characteristics have much to do with their living habits. Big as it is, kylin is not aggressive; so it is regarded as a ＂benevolent animal＂ in the ancient; it is indeed one of the four holy beasts. Since the Indian rhinoceros have to move constantly to the south for the changes of the climate, so it is rare to see in the Cental Plains. But once it appears, it is thought that it comes for the ＂virtue＂ of the holy kings, which gives rise to its sacramentalization as a holy beast.
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第2期64-75,共12页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社会科学重大攻关招标项目“中国早期文字与文化研究”(05JZD00029)
陕西师范大学211工程三期重点建设项目
关键词
[鹿文]
麒麟
印度犀
灵兽
[鹿文]（lin）
kylin
Indian rhinoceros
holy beast
