摘要
目的探讨新生儿医院感染的危险因素及预防措施。方法对我院2006年1～12月住院新生儿618例回顾性调查,采用Logistic回归分析男性早产儿、低体重儿、窒息、重症监护、气管插管(机械通气、反复吸痰)、长期住院及预防性应用抗生素等医院感染危险因素,并分析感染部位的构成比和病原微生物培养的菌属种类。结果618例住院新生儿发生医院感染72例(11.6%),感染部位以呼吸道为主(62.5%),其次为皮肤软组织(12.5%)和消化道(8.3%)。在发生医院感染的72例新生儿中,25例从血液、气管分泌物培养出病原菌,革兰阴性菌占76%,革兰阳性菌占24%,呼吸道分泌物培养肺炎克雷伯菌8株(32%)。同时发现早产儿、低体重儿、重症监护、气管插管感染率高,分别为34.21%、33.80%、41.67%、48.50%。结论气管插管、重症监护、早产儿、低体重儿、窒息、预防性应用抗生素等是新生儿医院感染危险因素。
Objective To study the risk factors of hospital-acquired infection in neonates and its prevention. Methods The clinical data of 618 hospitalized neonates in author＇s hospital in 2006 were retrospectively studied and the risk factors of hospital-acquired infection in neonates were analyzed by logistic regression analysis methods. The risk factors analyzed were premature birth, low birth weight, asphyxia, intensive care unite （ICU） admission, tracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation and repetitive tracheal suction, prolonged hospitalization, prophylactic usage of antibiotics; sites of infection and classification of bacteria causing infection were also analyzed. Results It was found that 72 neonates developed infection among the 618 hospitalized neonates （ 11.6% ）, the infection sites were respiratory tract （62.5%）, dermal parenchyma （ 12.5% ） and alimentary tract （8.3%） ; 25 neonates had positive bacterial cultures from blood and （or） tracheal secretion, among which 76% were Gram stain negative and 24% Gram stain positive. It was also found the infection rate of premature infants, low birth weight infants, infants admitted in ICU and tracheal intubation were 34. 21%, 33.80%, 41.67% and 48.50% respectively. Conclusion The main risk factors of hospital-acquired infection are premature birth, low birth weight, asphyxia, ICU admission, tracheal intubation, prolonged hospitalization and prophylactic antibiotics usage.
出处
《中国新生儿科杂志》
CAS
2009年第2期78-81,共4页
Chinese Journal of Neonatology
关键词
交叉感染
危险因素
婴儿
新生
Cross infection
Risk factors
Infant neonate
