摘要
野生稻是提供优异基因、拓宽栽培稻遗传基础的重要种质资源库。非ＡＡ染色体组型野生稻优异基因转移和利用的主要难点在于，与栽培稻的亲缘关系远及由此而产生杂交不实、杂种不育和后代难以利用等问题。细胞工程和分子生物学手段相结合，是实现非ＡＡ型野生稻利用的有效途径。原生质体融合可以克服有效杂交的不亲和性，花药培养能加速后代的纯合和稳定，分子生物学技术可以跟踪目的基因的导入，打破连锁障碍，促进有利基因的重组，提高材料的可利用性，并为目的基因的克隆提供基础。
Abstract About 20 wild species are recognized in Oryza . Wild rice species possess a vast range of genetic diversity and valuable genes that can be served as gene pool for rice breeding. Wild rice species with AA genome same as cultivated rice are easy to cross with cultivated rice. Consequently, genes in these wild rice species are ready to be transferred to cultivated rice. Gene transfer from wild rice species with genomes other than AA to cultivated rice is more difficult because of the distantly genetic relationship. Somatic hybridization based on protoplast fusion aims at transferring genes across sexual incompatibility barriers and broadening the range of genetic material communication for rice. Molecular tools such as RADP, RFLP and in situ hybridization are widely applied in identification of hybrids, monitoring the introduction of alien genes and tagging,mapping of wild rice genes. Molecular technique is also powerful in detecting new genes in wild rice germplasm.
出处
《生物工程进展》
CSCD
1998年第2期41-45,共5页
Progress in Biotechnology
