摘要
本文是意大利西西里地区濒危物种地中海隼(Falco biarmicusfeldeggii Schlegel)污染物危险因素评估研究之一,着重探讨了有机氯(OC)杀虫剂和多氯联苯(PCBs)对濒危地中海隼种群的污染风险。选取西西里北部和中部的17个地中海隼巢址,在2005年测定了地中海隼雏鸟(6个巢址中的15只雏鸟)血液与其2种主要猎物喜鹊(Pica pica)(6个地中海隼巢址的36个样本)和原鸽(Columba livia)(2个地中海隼巢址上的10个样本)体内是否含有OC杀虫剂和PCB类化合物残留。除同源物PCB153((21.8ng/g湿重)外,地中海隼雏鸟血液中的OC和PCB残留低于检出限,这表明在本研究地区这些污染物对地中海隼雏鸟无显著危害。喜鹊和原鸽几乎不受OC杀虫剂的污染,尽管实验结果表明喜鹊体内的污染物水平显著高于原鸽。在大约8%的喜鹊样本中DDE和HEOD值有异常,其中一个喜鹊样本显示新近受到DDT的污染,这可能说明一些地中海隼受到局部OC杀虫剂的污染。本研究工作还有待进一步开展。
This paper reports on research conducted to elucidate the risk posed to the Sicilian population of the endangered lanner falcon Falco biarmicus feldeggii Schlegel by organochlorine (OC). pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),as part of a wider study on contaminant risk to the lanner.Seventeen lanner nest sites were studied in northern and central Sicily. Sampling (in 2005) and analysis were carried out for selected OC pesticides and PCB congeners in lanner chick blood (15 chicks from 6 nest sites) and in two of the main lanner prey species,magpie Pica pica (36 individuals from 6 lanner nest sites) and rock dove Columba livia (10 individuals from 2 lanner nest sites).No OC and PCB residues were found in lanner chick blood above the detection limits,except for one solitary congener PCB153 (21.8 ng g^(-1) wet weight),suggesting that these contaminants do not pose a significant risk to lanner chicks in the study area.Magpie and dove appeared mostly free of contamination with OC pesticides,though contamination levels were significantly higher in magpie than in dove.The presence of exceptional DDE and HEOD values in;8% of the P.pica sample,and one P.pica sample showing recent DDT contamination,may indicate a local OC pesticide hazard to some lanner.Future research to further elucidate the contaminant risk to lanner in Sicily is suggested.
