摘要
针对目前铁道货车铸钢摇枕和侧架无损检测需要,研制高能X射线数字化辐射成像无损检测系统。系统由加速器射线源、探测、数据采集、控制、机械、图像处理分析等子系统组成。实现摇枕和侧架流水线式自动检测,对工件可进行绕水平轴线任意角度翻转和±15°范围偏摆的透视检测,检测的圆形缺陷气孔直径≤1mm,像质计灵敏度≤1.5%,最大成像像素矩阵可达2 700×18 000,4 min可检测2个工件(相差90度各扫描1次)。为了便于分析和评定,给出局部灰度自动调节方法和气孔深度估算方法。在实际生产检测线上的应用情况表明:系统检测速度快、自动化程度高、成像质量好,能有效检测铁道货车铸钢摇枕和侧架内部的气孔、砂眼、缩孔、疏松等缺陷,并可应用于其他铸钢件的质量检测。
The high energy X-ray digital radiography （DR） non-destructive testing system has been developed to meet the demand for the nondestructive inspection of cast steel bolster and side frame on railway freight cars. The system is made up of the sub systems of accelerator X-ray source, detector, data acquisition, control, mechanism, image processing and so on. It can automatically pipeline test the bolster and side frame by turning the workpiece to an arbitrary angle along the horizontal axes and swinging with the range from --15° to ＋15°. The diameter of the minimal rounded pore defect that the system can inspect is equal to or less than 1 ram, and the sensitivity of DR image quality indicator is equal to or less than 1.5 %. The maximal image scanned by the system arrives at 2 700 pixel × 18 000 pixel, while the time for scan- ning two workpieces at 0° and 90° is 4 minutes. To be convenient for analyzing and judging the defects, methods for automatically adjusting the gray of selected region and assessing the depth of pore are presented. The application of the system to the actual production and detection line shows that the system features with fast detection speed, high automation degree and good imaging quality, which can effectively inspect the defects in the cast steel bolster and side frame on railway freight cars, such as pore, sand inclusion, shrinkage cavity and looseness, etc. And it also can be applied to the quality inspection of other simi lar steel castings.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期139-143,共5页
China Railway Science
基金
国家“八六三”计划项目(2006AA04Z104)
重庆市科技计划重点攻关项目(CSTC2006AB3027)
关键词
铁道货车
铸钢件
高能X射线
无损检测
数字化辐射成像
Railway freight car
Steel casting
High energy X ray
Non destructive testing
Digital radiography
