摘要
研究目的:我国修建的锦屏隧道全长17.5km,具有洞身埋深大(2375m),断层、褶皱、可溶岩发育,独头掘进无轨运输距离长(9800m),施工工期紧(50个月)等特点。迫切需要解决出现高压涌水及跨岩爆地质灾害、威胁隧道施工安全的问题。研究结果:通过流体力学模拟试验,采取择机封堵、超前帷幕注浆、径向封堵灌浆、摸袋和索囊封堵灌浆等技术,有效封堵了高压大流量地下水;通过离散单元法数值模拟试验,采取超前应力解除、控制爆破及水胀式锚杆、挂网、钢筋拱肋、喷超细沸石粉添加剂混凝土等岩爆预防措施,有效防治了岩爆灾害;通过气体力学模拟试验,研究了大功率射流风机及射流巷道式通风技术,解决了独头掘进超长距离的无轨运输施工通风技术难题,创造了独头掘进9800m无轨运输的世界记录;通过综合超前地质预报、岩爆与富水段喷射混凝土、特长隧道快速施工及监测等技术的深入研究,提高了超前地质预报的准确率(85%以上)及施工效果。锦屏隧道的成功修建,总结了一套高压富水地层深埋特长隧道综合施工技术及工艺,推进了我国隧道施工技术的发展。
Research purposes： Jinping Tunnel, the total length of 17. 5 km, locates in fault, fracture and karst development area, with deep buried depth of 2 375 m and blind heading with long distance trackless transport of 9 800 m, and the time limit for construction of it is 50 months, so it is urgently necessary to do the researches on how to prevent the geological disaster of high - pressured water bursting and the other disasters caused by rock blasting for the purpose of guaranteeing the construction safety.
Research results：Based on the hydrodynamic simulation test, much high -pressured ground water is plugged effectively by taking the measures of selective plugging, curtain grouting in advance, vertical grouting - plugging and grouting - plugging with gunny bags and string bags. Based on numerical simulation test with discrete element method, rock blasting disaster is prevented by talking the measures of relaxing stress in advance, controlling blast, and using expansion anchor bolt, mesh and steel arch rib and spraying the concrete with thin zeolite powder additive. Based on the aerodynamic simulation test, large powerful jet fan and jet gallery ventilation technology are developed, which settled the technical problem of the ventilation for the construction of blind heading with long distance trackless transport and created the world record of blind heading with trackless transport of 9 800 m. After doing the research on integrated geological forecast in advance and the technologies of shot - concrete in rock blast and water - rich section, fast construction and supervision of long tunnel, the geological forecast accuracy is increased to above 85% and construction efficiency is improved much. The successful construction of Jinping Tunnel brings out a set of comprehensive construction technology for deep - buried long tunnels in high - pressure and water - rich stratum and promotes the development of tunnel construction technology in China.
出处
《铁道工程学报》
EI
北大核心
2009年第1期86-91,共6页
Journal of Railway Engineering Society
关键词
超深埋特长隧道
高压涌水
岩爆
防治
施工通风
快速掘进
deep - buried long tunnel
high - pressured water bursting
rock blast
control and treatment
construction ventilation
fast shielding
