摘要
随着城市化进程加快和人口剧增,城市污泥已成为世界许多城市面临的主要环境问题之一,且不合理的管理可引发严重的环境污染。城市污泥含有大量、微量元素和有机质,可能对土壤及其生产力有利,特别对退化土壤能进行有机修复,并改善土壤理化特性,譬如土壤结构和营养含量。目前,污泥作为一种有机肥料已成为普遍措施。但来自工业及生活污水的污泥常含有重金属、病原物及有毒有机物等,潜在的毒性可能对生态系统构成危险,因此必须经过污泥预处理才可安全施用。评述了近年来国内外污泥应用于陆地生态系统4个方面的主要研究进展:(1)污泥处理与处置方法;(2)污泥应用于农田、草地及森林生态系统;(3)污泥对土壤生态系统的影响,包括污泥对土壤理化性质、土壤酶及微生物的影响;(4)污泥应用的环境效应。提出未来我国污泥处置及利用需要重视的研究领域和方向。
Due to rapid population growth and urbanization,urban sewage sludge has become one of the most important environmental problems in many cities in the world,and improper management would cause serious environmental issues.Generally,sewage sludge contains macro and micro elements and organic matter,which are beneficial to soils and their productivity.In particular,sewage sludge can provide useful organic amendment in degraded soils to improve soil chemical and physical properties,such as soil structure and nutrient content.Nowadays,the use of sewage sludge as an organic fertilizer has become a common practice,however,sewage sludge derived from both industrial and domestic sources can often contain considerable amounts of heavy metals,pathogens and toxic organics,and the persistence and potential toxicity of these substances may pose a risk to ecosystems.Hence,the utilization of the sewage sludge safely has to be ensured by the preliminary treatment of sewage sludge.The recent advances of the application of sewage sludge to terrestrial ecosystems within four processes were reviewed as follow：（1） the sludge treatment and disposal technologies;（2） the application of sewage sludge to agricultural ecosystems,grassland ecosystems and forest ecosystems;（3） the effects of sewage sludge on soil ecosystem,including soil chemical and physical properties,soil enzymes and soil microorganisms;（4）the environmental effects of sewage sludge application.Finally,some important research fields and trends related to the disposal and application of sewage sludge in the future were also proposed.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期416-426,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目(5082019)
中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金一般资助项目(CAFRIF200711)
中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金重点资助项目(CAFYBB2007038)
关键词
污泥
陆地生态系统
土壤生态系统
环境效应
sewage sludge
terrestrial ecosystem
soil ecosystem
environmental effect
