摘要
生态效率的概念及其评价方法已经成为一种将可持续发展目标和要求具体化的有效工具,其中,区域工业生态效率的测算是国内外研究的热点和难点。本文借鉴生命周期分析的相关研究成果,构建了区域工业生态效率的指标体系、计算步骤及方法,并以北京市工业为案例进行了应用研究,结果表明:①多年来,北京市环境类工业生态效率呈指数上升趋势,从1986年到2004年上升了6倍;资源类工业生态效率呈线性上升趋势,从1986年到2004年上升了近200倍;②影响北京市环境类生态效率变化的主要因素有新能源战略的实施、污染企业的搬迁、环境管理力度的加强和大量环保资金的投入;③工业生态效率指标及其测算方法具有过程性、整合性、可操作性、可扩展性等特点,可以比较全面和真实地反映某个区域在经济、环境、社会等方面各种政策的实施效果。
The concept of eco-efficiency and its assessment is a useful and effective tool that can make the goal or requirement of sustainable development measurable. Presently, the quantification of ＂regional industrial＂ eco-efficiency is one of the hot points in research field. In the light of analytical framework of life cycle analysis method, this paper establishes a calculating system for measuring regional industrial eco- efficiency, including indicators, assessing procedure, and calculating methods. The paper takes Beijing city as a case, using this method to calculate its industrial eco-efficiency from 1986 to 2004. The result shows that： （1）Both the environment-type and the resouree-type eco- efficiency increased dramatically, which means go up to 200 and 6 times respectively. （2）The most four remarkable factors are implementation of renewable energy policy, adjustment of industrial structure, high standards of environmental management and enhancement of financial support. （3）Based on above analysis, the paper gives four comments on this method and three suggestions for future research.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
2008年第6期121-126,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目“工业共生体系的网络复杂性研究”(40601037)
关键词
生态效率
测算方法
影响因素
eco-efficiency
assessment method
impact factors
