摘要
目的分析重症监护室(ICU)与非ICU患者感染病原菌的分布和耐药情况,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对2006年5月—2007年5月临床各科室送检标本进行细菌分离培养与鉴定,并对ICU与非ICU患者感染病原菌分布及耐药性进行对比分析。结果从ICU患者标本中分离培养出病原菌150株,其中非发酵菌总构成比为40.67%(61/150);非ICU患者标本分离培养出病原菌495株,非发酵菌总构成比为17.98%(89/495)。ICU患者非发酵菌检出率高于非ICU患者(χ2=33.20,P<0.01)。ICU患者分离的主要病原菌依次为真菌(21.33%)、铜绿假单胞菌(17.33%)、大肠埃希菌(12.67%);非ICU患者分离的主要病原菌依次为真菌(20.61%)、大肠埃希菌(17.98%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(10.30%)。ICU患者感染的鲍曼不动杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌耐药较严重;第三代头孢菌素在治疗革兰阴性杆菌感染时,ICU与非ICU患者耐药差异较大。结论ICU患者非发酵菌检出率高,其感染的病原菌耐药严重,应加强管理与监测。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from patients in intensive care units（ICUs） and non-ICUs, so as to provide evidence for clinical anti-infective treatment. Methods Bacterial strains from patients in clinical departments from May 2006 to May 2007 were isolated and identified, pathogenic distribution and antimicrobial resistance between ICUs and non-ICUs were compared and analyzed. Results One hundred and fifty strains were isolated from patients in ICUs, the constitutional ratio of nonfermentative bacteria was 40. 67% （61/150） ; 495 strains were isolated from non-ICUs, the constitutional ratio of nonfermentative bacteria was 17. 98%（89/495）. The isolation rate of nonfermentative bacteria from ICUs was higher than that of non- ICUs （ X^2 = 33. 20, P〈0. 01 ）. The most common pathogens in ICUs were fungi（21.33 % ）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa（17. 33%） and Escherichia coli （12. 67%）; The most common pathogens in non-ICU were fungi （20. 61%）, Escherichia coli （ 17. 98 % ） and Staphylococcus aureus （ 10. 30 % ）. Antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baurnannii and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ICUs were serious; The resistance to the third generation cephalosporins for treating infection with gram-negative bacilli was quite different between ICUs and non-ICUs. Conclusion The isolation rate of nonfermentative bacteria in ICUs is high, and drug resistance is serious, which should be given strengthened management and surveillance.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2008年第6期405-408,共4页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
重症监护室
病原菌
抗药性
微生物
抗菌药物
合理用药
intensive care unit
pathogen
drug resistance, microbial
antimicrobial agents
rational use of drugs
