摘要
采用多污染物分析与评价方法对江阴地区地面水,包括长江水,锡澄运河水及江阴市自来水厂进、出水有机污染物的潜在危害进行了定量评价.结果表明,所有水体在生态上都是无害的,其总环境影响度(TAS)分别为0.260,0.263,0.173和0.136,远小于1.但从健康方面考虑,长江水,鍚澄运河水和水厂进水皆存在有机物的潜在危害,其TAS分别为1.149,1.392和1.165,超过1.饮用水的TAS为0.885,尚不存在潜在危害.此外,还对长江水因潮水涨落和季节改变引起的TAS变化进行了比较,证实了在涨落潮下,江水有机物对健康和生态的潜在危害基本相同,但枯水期的水质明显差于丰水期.对长江水、鍚澄运河水和水厂水源水,苯并噻唑.苯酚和硝基酚是最主要的危害健康物质,与饮用水不同,后者由于采用氯化处理,氯仿成为最主要的污染物之一,而苯并噻唑则退居次要地位.对所有水体,邻苯二甲酸酯是生态上唯一影响最大的有机物。最后,文章讨论了青阳农药厂排放有机污染物特别是苯并噻唑对长江水质的影响.
Based on organic analysis, potential hazard caused by organic compounds in surface water of Jiangyin area, including Yangtze river, Xicheng canal, influent and effluent of Jiangyin water works has been quantitatively evaluated by using method of multipollutant analysis and evaluation. Results indicated that all waters were ecologicall hirmlcss because the ecological Total Ambient Severity (TAS) were only 0.260, 0.263, 0.173 and 0.136, respectively, much less than one. Hovever there was still potential damage to human health for Yangtze river, Xicheng canal and the source water of Jiangyin water works since the health TAS were 1.149, 1.392 and 1.165, respectively, exceeding one. As for the drinking water with a TAS of 0.885, it was consideied not dangerous though the TAS was close to one. Moreovei, the TAS variations caused by ebb and flow tides, as well as the difference in seasons, have also been discussed. Gcnerall , there were onl small TAS changes in ebb and flow tides but icmarkable differences in rainy and dry Seasons. Benzothiazole, phenol and nitrophenols were the predominant pollutants in Yangtze liver,Xicheng canal and the source watet of Jiangyin water works, while in drinking water chloroform became one of the primary pollutants and the bcnzolhiazolc was relegated to a secondary position. In all waters, phthalate ester was the only organic compound playing an important role in ecological TAS. Finally, the effects of organics, especially benzothiazole discharged from Qing ang Pesticide Factory on aquatic qualit yof Yangtze river were also discussed.
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第4期9-21,共13页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金 R850354
