摘要
采用SEM和氨基酸自动分析仪对悦目金蛛(Argiope amoena)卵袋的结构、纤维组成和覆盖层的氨基酸组成进行了观察研究。结果表明悦目金蛛卵袋呈封闭的倒三角形,是由多种丝腺纺出的丝纤维形成的多个覆盖层构成的,从外向内分别为:金黄色大壶状腺框架丝,灰绿色、浅棕色、白色外覆盖层和棕色内覆盖层,其中外覆盖层是由6根大直径(约4.8-6.8μm)柱状腺丝纤维和一些小直径(约0.26-0.76μm)纤维混合成的基本纤维束单元所折叠成的片层丝被构成的,小直径丝纤维的数量从灰绿色丝被(外)到白色丝被(内)逐渐增加,而内覆盖层仅仅是由6根大直径(约5.20μm)柱状腺丝纤维构成的基本纤维束单元折叠而成。卵袋外覆盖层丝(白色绒状丝纤维除外)的甘氨酸、丙氨酸和丝氨酸等氨基酸的百分含量分别介于卵袋内覆盖层丝和葡萄状腺丝相对应氨基酸的百分含量之间,这一数据支持Foradori等关于卵袋小直径丝纤维是由葡萄状腺纺出的推论。悦目金蛛能调节卵袋层丝的颜色、直径、覆盖层丝纤维和氨基酸的组成,使卵袋获得各方面最优化的功能,为卵或若蛛提供支持和保护。
The egg case of the spider A. amoena is composed of multiple layers of silk, including a frame of yellow silk, an outer cover with layers of gray-green, pale brown, and white silk, and an inner cover of brown silk. SEM shows the outer cover threads consist of six large diameter （4.8- 6.8μm） cylindrical gland monofilaments with numerous smaller diameter （0.26- 0.76μm） fibers. The number of small-diameter fibers varies with layer; it is high in outer layers and decreases in inner layers. Small diameter fibers are absent from the inner cover, which consisted entirely of fibers made with six strands of large diameter （5.2μm） cylindrical gland monofilaments. The chemical makeup （ mole fraction of alanine, serine, and glyeine） of the outer cover strands is intermediate between that of inner cover silk and aciniform gland silk. These observations support Matthew＇ s hypothesis that the small diameter fibers are produced by the aciniform glands. Spiders appear to use relatively few gland silks in varying combinations to achieve different physical, chemical （e. g., color, diameter, amino acid composition） and functional （mechanical properties, resistance, etc） characteristics in different layers of the egg case providing protections for eggs or spiderlings
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期918-927,共10页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.30760041)~~
关键词
悦目金蛛
卵袋结构
氨基酸组成
扫描电镜
Argiope amoena, Egg case structures, Amino acid composition, SEM
