摘要
水资源缺乏、供需错位、土地条件差和人本素质低、农业投入少、技术含量低是雨养农业区农业生产长期处于低而不稳、资源利用率差的主要影响因素.集流与节灌配套,是雨养农业持续、快速、优质发展的生长点,集流节灌技术既必需又可能.采用混凝土处理的地表(坡度10°)的降雨集水效率达58%,集水成本为0.52～0.70元/m^3.与常规灌溉相比,采用集水灌溉技术省水效率达60%～90%,同时还可降低空气、地表土壤湿度,减少土壤蒸发,降低植株发病率,提高土温,促进根系发育,消除或减缓供需错位和供需矛盾,增产效益达30%～100%.果园滴灌,当年增收是总投入的2.94倍;农田、果园补灌,当年增收分别是总投入的4.33和8.55倍.
Low and unstable agricultural production and insufficient utilization of resources in rainfed areas are mainly due to factors such as scarcity of water resources, unbalanced supply and demand , infertile soil, low quality people, inadequate agricultural inputs, and low technical content. Combining water collection with water-saving irrigation, sustainable, fast and quality development of rainfed agriculture can be realized. The efficiency of water collection can reach 58% if the land surface is technically treated with concrete. The cost of water collection is 0. 52-0. 70 yuan/m3. Compared with normal irrigation, water-saving irrigation saves water by 60%-90%.
出处
《中国水土保持》
1997年第2期25-28,共4页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
关键词
雨养农业区
集流节灌
集流成效
节水成效
rainfed agricultural area water-collection and water-saving irrigation techniques sustainable agricultural development benefits of water collection benefits of water-saving irrigation
