摘要
简要介绍了中国气象局成都高原气象研究所设立在青藏高原东侧和成都平原的两个大气边界层观测站：理塘站和温江站，并利用2007年2～4月两站获得的近地层气象要素观测资料，对这两个地区风速、气温和湿度日变化特征及廓线规律，土壤温湿变化特征，以及辐射情况进行了分析和对比，得到了如下一些有意义的结果：（1）两站风温湿均表现出明显的日变化特征。理塘站风速极大值和极小值出现时间均比温江站晚2小时。理塘站温度梯度值日变化较一致而温江站早晚温度梯度值要大于白天。两站湿度梯度值都是白天较小早晚较大。（2）两站风速廓线规律相似，基本满足对数律关系。理塘站在18：00～6：00，温江站在18：00～8：00均有逆温现象出现，相邻两层高度最大温度差分别达到0．54℃和1．02℃。理塘站8：00～18：00在8m和24m高度，温江站10：00～14：00在9．05m和18．25m高度上能观测到逆湿现象，相邻两层高度最大比湿差分别为0．1g／kg和0．04g／kg。（3）理塘站浅层（0cm和5cm）土壤温度表现出明显的日变化特征，而10cm以下土壤温度日变化幅度很小。温江站4cm，10cm和20cm土壤温度都表现出明显的日变化特征，较之理塘站影响的深度更深。理塘站土壤温度的垂直变化程度要小于温江站。两站各层土壤湿度均无明显日变化特征。（4）温江站向下长波辐射通量日变化不大，其他各个辐射量日变化都很明显。理塘站向下总辐射和反射辐射明显强于温江站。
Two atmospheric boundary layer （ABL） sites in Litang area situated on the east edge of Tibetan Plateau and in Wenjiang area situated in Chengdu Plain are briefly introduced. These two sites are both built by IPM, CMA. Diurnal variations and structure of profiles of wind speed, air temperature and humidity, characteristics of soil temperature and moisture, and radiation flux variation are analyzed and compared by using the surface - layer observational data in two sites from Feb. to Apr. in 2007. Some significant results are as follows ： （ 1 ） Diurnal variations of wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity are marked both in two sites. The occurrence time of maximum and minimum wind speed in Litang site is later than that in Wenjiang site by two hours. Temperature gradient in Litang site shows relatively consistent while higher in the nighttime than that in the daytime in Wenjiang site. Humidity gradient is higher in the nighttime than that in the daytime in both two sites. （2） Wind speed profiles generally accord with the logarithm law in two sites. Temperature inversion phenomenon occurs from18：00 to 6：00 in Litang site and from 18：00 to 8：00 in Wenjiang site, and the biggest value of temperature difference of adjacent two levels is up to 0.54℃ and 1.02 ℃, respectively. Humidity inversion happens in the height of 8 m and 24 m from 8：00 to 18：00 in Litang site, in the height of 9.05 m and 18.25 m from 10：00 to 14：00 in Weujiang site, and the biggest value of humidity difference of adjacent two levels is 0.1 g/kg and 0.04 g/kg, respectively. （3） Soil temperature in shallow layers （0 cm and 5 cm） presents evident diurnal variation, while varying little below 10 cm in Litang site. Soil temperature in the depth of 4 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm shows diurnal variation remarkably in Wenjiang site. Vertical variation of soil temperature in Litang site is smaller than in Wenjiang site. Diurnal variation of soil moisture is not obvious in two sites. （4） Each radiation flux component has evident diurnal variation except downward long wave radiation flux in Wenjiang site. Downward and upward short wave radiation fluxes in Litang site are much stronger than those in Wenjiang site.
出处
《高原山地气象研究》
2008年第1期30-35,共6页
Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research
基金
中国气象局成都高原气象研究所2008年基本科研业务费专项经费项目BROP200803
JICA项目"中日气象灾害合作研究中心"
关键词
青藏高原
理塘
微气象特征
日变化
廓线
Tibetan Plateau, Litang, micrometeorological characteristics, diurnal variations, profiles
