摘要
目的以卢湾区社区居民为基础,探讨不同人群营养状况与营养相关性疾病的患病情况,为实施针对性的干预和政府公共卫生决策提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,样本的基本单位为住户,覆盖卢湾区4个街道的480户居民家庭、1 390人。结果调查结果显示,该区婴幼儿、儿童青少年及中老年居民的食物消费品种丰富,水果、畜肉类、奶及其制品较2002年上海市营养调查分别增加了16.59%、23.49%和19.35%;但蛋白质、脂肪摄入过剩,脂肪供能比已超过了世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的最高上限值30%;胆固醇摄入水平亦较高,全区平均为531.33 mg,超过了WHO建议低于300 mg的水平;粮谷类食物摄入呈下降趋势,蔬菜摄入不足,低于推荐值20%。监测人群中18岁及以上居民高血压患病率为26.40%,糖尿病患病率为7.21%,高血脂患病率为7.49%。吸烟率为23.76%,每周饮酒率为15.27%,18～44岁和45～59岁年龄段居民参加体育锻炼的仅有33.95%和34.08%。结论卢湾区不同人群的食物消费品种丰富,均能满足不同人群的营养需要;但仍严重存在膳食结构不平衡现象,营养相关性慢性病仍然是现在的重要公共卫生问题;居民锻炼率不高,在上班族中尤为突出,应重点加强相关健康教育。
Objective To provide scientific basis for the government＇s public hygiene decision and relevant public intervention, the nutritional and nutrition-related diseases/sickness status in different t）opulation groups of Luwan district were investigated. Methods A multistage stratified and clustered random sampling technique was used. 480 families. 1 390 persons were picked at random from 4 street communities. Results The food consumption by infants, children and adolescents, middle and old aged residents in Luwan district was sufficient and varied. Compared with the Shanghai Nutrition Survey of 2002, the intake level of fruit, meat, milk and its products increased by 16.59 % , 23.49 % and 19.35 % respectively, while dietary protein and fat intake were excess, and percentage of energy from dietary fat was 30% higher than upper limit recommended by WHO. The average cholesterol intake level was 531.33 mg, still 330 mg above that recommended by WHO. Energy intake from cereals including vegetables was decreased and insufficient, which was 20 % lower than WHO recommendation, The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipemia in 18 years old and above was 26.40%, 7.21% and 7.49% respectively. Cigarette smoking rate was 23.76% , weekly drinking rate being 1.5.27 %. Only 33.95% of 18 to 44 years old and 34.80% of 45 to 59 years old residents participate in physical exercise habitually. Conclusions Though the food consumption by Luwan different population groups is varied and could satisfy the nutritional requirement, dietary pattern is unreasonable. Nutrition-related chronic diseases are still an important and serious public health problem. The rate of resident physical exercise participation is lower, especially among office goers. It is important to strengthen and intensify related health education.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
2008年第5期437-440,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
营养调查
膳食
健康状况
Nutrition surveys
Diet
Health status
