摘要
近年来,环境评价由单因素简单评价向多因素综合评价方向发展。综合评价方法由于引入了数学模型和空间信息技术等手段,能够充分利用环境监测数据,克服了简单评价反映信息不完全、容易失真的缺点,更为客观、合理,受到越来越广泛的关注和研究。综述了最近几年环境评价中应用较广或新出现的综合评价方法及其在环境评价中的应用,重点介绍了模糊数学方法、灰色系统理论、层次分析法和集对分析等数学模型评价方法,以及地理信息系统技术的原理和有关应用。
This article is to present a detailed review over some generally used comprehensive environment assessment methods updated in recent years.As an area of paramount fundamental scientific testing and evaluation practices,environment assessment has been playing more and more important role in the sustainable development of our country in politics and economy,culture and education,as well as in our social life for the purpose of protecting and improving,or as is often said,heightening the quality of our living conditions.As a matter of fact, environmental assessment tends to evolve from simple mono-factor assessment to the comprehensive ones by using multiple factors in recent years.The assessment methods have been becoming more and more objective,rational and both quantitative-and qualitative-oriented to satisfy the great need of calculating and monitoring all sorts of complicated statistical data and variable factors so as to overcome the unavoidable interferences of some lopsided information and superficial distortions.It is just for the above reasons,statistical theory and simulated mathematical models,such as fuzzy mathematics,grey system theory,analytic hierarchy process,set pair analysis as well as the remote-sensing technology of geographic information systems are more and more emphasized so as to heighten the scientific value of such assessments.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第5期112-115,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
环境质量监测与评价
环境评价
综合评价
地理信息系统
综述
environmental quality monitoring and assessment, environment assessment, comprehensive assessment, geographic information system, review
