3Hashizume M, Kitano S, Yamga H, et al. Endoscopic clsaaification of gastric varices[ J]. Gastrointest Endosc, 1990, 36 : 276 - 280.
4Satin S K, Lahoti D, Saxena S P, et al. Prevalence, classification and natural history of gastric varices: a long-term follow-up study in 568 portal hypertension Patients[ J ]. Hepatology JT-Hepatology (Baltimore, Md), 1992, 16(6): 1343- 1349.
5Yamamoto, Takaharu Tsuda, Teruhito Moehizuki, et al. Intravenous three-dimensional CT Portography using multi-detector row CT in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: evaluation of scan timing and image quality[J]. Radiation Medicine, 2002, 20(5): 83 -87.
7Taniai N, Yoshida H, Mamada Y. The treatment of gastric: fundal varices endoscopic therapy versus interventional radiology[ J ]. Hepatogastroenterology, 2005, 52 (63) : 949 - 953.
3Shiha G, EL-Sayed SS. Gastric variceal ligation: a new technique.Gastrointest Endosc, 1999,49 : 437-441.
4Sarin SK, Kumar A. Sclerosants for variceal sclerotherapy: a critical appraisal. Am J Gastroenterol , 1990,85:641-649.
5Bhargava DK, Singh B,Dogra R,et al. Prospective randomized comparison of STD and polidocanol as variceal sclerosing agents. Am J Gastroenterol, 1992,87 : 182-186.
6Lo GH Lai KH, Cheng JS, et al. The additive effect of sclerotherapy to patients receiving repeated endoscopic variceal ligation: a prospective, randomized trial. Hepatology, 1998,28:391-395.
7Bhasin DK, Malhi NJ. Variceal bleeding and portal hypertension:much to learn, much to explore. Endoscopy ,2002,34 : 119-128.
8Huang YH, Yeh HE, Chen GH, et al. Endoscopic treatment of bleeding gastric varices by n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl) injection: long-term efficacy and safety. Gastrointest Endosc ,2000,52:160-167.
9Kang HK, Jeong VV, Choi JH, et al. Three-dimensional multi-detector row CT pertal venography in the evaluatiion of portosystemic collateral vessels in liver cirrhosis[J]. Radiographics,2002,22(5):1053-1061.
10Gulati MS, Paul SB, Arora NK, et al. Evaluation of extrahepatic portal hypertension and surgical portal systemic shunts by intravenous CT portography[J]. Clinical Imaging,1999,23(6):377-385.