摘要
[目的]调查乌鲁木齐市城区居民流感相关知识情况,同时在社区开展多种形式的健康教育及干预活动并对其效果进行评价,为今后开展相关的健康干预提供依据。[方法]通过整群抽样,采用自行设计的自填式问卷。在了解该市城市居民对流感及相关知识的知晓率的基础上,通过电视、电台、报刊、社区宣传栏及知识讲座教育等多种形式对研究对象进行宣传教育,再采用以上方法对研究对象开展二次现况调查,最终评价健康教育的效果。[结果]在基线调查回收的有效问卷中抽取565份,再次调查回收有效问卷453份。基线调查知识部分平均得分4.75±1.822,经过健康教育,再次调查的知识平均得分有提高,得分达到5.50±1.344(P=0.000)。与健康教育前相比,流感相关态度和行为问题的肯定回答率有不同程度的提高。Logistic回归分析显示,是否愿意接种流感疫苗相关的因素有流感相关知识得分、过去1年曾患流感和当周围的人患流感时也采取预防措施的行为倾向、有相应流感疫苗的知识、住所附近有流感疫苗接种点等。[结论]在乌鲁木齐市社区人群中采用适宜的健康教育手段能有效改变社区人群流感相关的态度和行为,是预防流感流行的有效措施。
[Objectives] To investigate influenza knowledge situation of urban residents in Urumqi, launch diversified forms of health education and intervention and appraise the results, in order to offer basis for health intervention in the future. [Methods] Adopted cluster sampling, self-designed questionnaires. On the basis of understanding awareness on influenza and relevant knowledge of urban residents, educated citizens through TV. radio, newspapers and periodicals, community propaganda wall and knowledge lecture and then adopted the above-mentioned methods to launch the second cross-sectional investigation, appraised the result of the health education finally. [ Results ] Collected 565 valid questionnaires retrieved on the base-line, 453 valid questionnaires were retrieved on the second investigation. The average score of knowledge in the base-line investigation reached 4.75±1.822. Through the health education, the average score of knowledge in second investigation was improved, the score reached 5.50±1.344 （P =0.000） . Comparing with pre-health-education, influenza attitude and behavior definite answering rate had risen. Logistic analysis showed whether would like to inoculate with the vaccine of influenza related to knowledge score of influenza, having suffered from influenza in the past year, taking the precautionary measures too when the person around suffers from influenza, knowing about knowledge of vaccine of corresponding influenza, there is influenza vaccinations that is clicked near the residence, et al. [ Conclusion] We can change crowd＇s attitudes and behaviors on influenza in the community through adopting the suitable health education means effectively among the community crowds of Urumqi, that is the effective measure to prevent influenza.
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第19期3752-3754,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
关键词
KAP
干预
知晓率
评价
KAP
Health interfere
Knowing rate
Appraise
