摘要
在《社会学方法的准则》中,杜尔凯姆将社会学的研究对象界定为社会事实,并且强调社会事实的客观性以及对行动者的制约作用;他主张研究者抛开已经形成的关于社会事实的常识观念来理解、解释社会事实,创造出符合科学需要的专门术语;他还以孔德和斯宾塞的实证主义社会学思想为主要批判对象,形成了他的实证主义社会学的方法论纲领。吉登斯在《社会学方法的新规则》中则以杜尔凯姆的实证主义研究方法为主要的批判对象,重新界定行动与结构、常识与科学之间的关系,在批判并超越传统的基础上阐明他的社会学研究中方法的新规则。
In Rules of Sociological Method, Durkhelm defines the social facts as the research objects, and stresses the objectivity of the social facts and its restriction on the actors. He maintains that researchers should abandon the existing common concepts of the social facts to understand and to explain the social facts and then to create the specialized terms that accord with the need of the science. And he also criticizes the positivism sociological thoughts of Comte＇ s and Spencer＇ s and creates methodological principles of his positivism sociology. In New Rules of Sociological Method, Giddens criticizes positivism sociological method of Durkhelm＇ s, and redefines the relationships of the action and structure and the common concepts and science, and clarifies his new rules of the sociological method on the basis of criticizing and surpassing the tradition.
出处
《宜宾学院学报》
2008年第7期46-49,共4页
Journal of Yibin University
