摘要
目的分析高虹镇2007年发生的甲型副伤寒暴发疫情的流行病学特征及流行因素,为制定防制对策提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性队列研究和病例对照设计相结合的方法,以高虹镇集镇所在地一山之隔的杨桥村作为暴露对照,分析水源暴露对副伤寒发病的影响;并根据1:1配对设计共选取70对病例与对照经多因素条件Logistic回归模型估计副伤寒发病的危险因素。结果两地水源暴露的相对危险度之比为3.88(95% CI:1.59～9.47),且高虹镇副伤寒病例中74.07%可归因于水源暴露。"以自备井水作为饮用水"、"以集中式供水作为洗漱用水"、"用集中式供水冲洗水果"3项因素是本次高虹镇副伤寒发病的可疑危险因素。结论水源污染是本次甲型副伤寒疫情暴发的主要因素,加强改水改厕工作和流动人口管理,针对重点流行地区集中力量开展疾病监测和预防控制措施是当务之急。
Objective To investigate the epidemiologieal characteristics and epidemic factors of a paratyphoid A outbreak in Gaohong town in 2007, and to provide scientific basis for control strategy. Methods Retrospective cohort design and case - control study were both adopted. Whether water exposure could impact the incidence of paratyphoid A Was analyzed between Gaohong Town （exposed group） and Yangqiao Village （non -exposed group）, which was on the other side of the same mountain with Gaohong Town. A 1 ： 1 matched case - control study was conducted and multivariate Logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors of this paratyphoid A outbreak. Total 70 pairs of cases and controls, which were matched on age （ ±5 ） , gender, residence or work place and never been infected by typhoid or paratyphoid, were recruited in. Results The RR between exposed and non - exposed groups was 3.88 （ 95 % CI： 1.59 - 9. 47 ） , and the attributable risk of water exposure was 74. 07%. Using private well water as drinking water, using centrally supplied water as washing water, and rinsing fruits with centrally supplied water were found to be suspicious risk factors for this paratyphoid A outbreak in Gaohong town. Conclusion Water source pollution was the main risk factor for the paratyphoid A outbreak in Gaohong town. Therefore, drinking water supply and lavatory rebuilt should be paid more attention to and the management of floating population should be enhanced. Disease surveillance on the main epidemic areas should be conducted, and targeted prevention and control measures should be adopted as soon as possible.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2008年第9期798-802,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
