摘要
农业是历史最久、影响最广的环境因素。以籽粒为主要生产对象的耕地农业，必然过度开荒种地，导致水土流失严重，土地资源遭受严重破坏，农业效益低下。这是中国农村贫困的基本根源。世界面临人口、资源和环境的挑战，农业不可避免地要承担重要部分。其核心问题是食物的消费和生产失调。我国食物安全的真正压力来自饲料。以食物当量来计算为“2＋5”模式。即人用口粮为2亿t／年，饲料用5亿t／年。要满足5亿t饲料的食物当量，必须走出耕地农业的阴影，施行草地农业。岩溶地区生产耔实日照尤其不足。草地农业在保证环境安全的前提下，可以利用的土地资源比耕地农业多3～4倍；可利用的生物气候资源、生物资源多许多倍，农业收入也成倍增加。
Environmental impacts caused by agriculture are the most lasting and extensive. The arable land system, focusing on grain production, would inevitably lead to over reclamation and result in serious erosion of soil and water, degradation of land resources and reduce grain yield. That is the essential reason for the poverty of rural areas in Southwest China. As the world faces challenges from population, resources and environment, agriculture has to play an important role. The key issue is food production and consumption. The real pressure on the food safety in China is from feeds. The ＂2＋5＂ model was generated in calculating at food equivalent, namely, 200 million tons/year used for human beings while 500 million tons tons for feeds it is necessary to get ri /ye do ar for feeds. To produce the food equivalents of 500 million f the shackles of the arable land system and implement an ag ro-grassland system, it is particularly true in Karst area with sunlight lack for grain production. Agrograssland system would secure the environmental safety and with this as a precondition the available land resources would be three or four times in comparing to that of arable land system. Moreover, the available bioclimatic resources and biological resources would also increase several times and even the agricultural income would increase significantly.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第9期26-30,共5页
Pratacultural Science
关键词
岩溶地区
食物安全
草地农业
Karst area in Southwest China
food security
agro grassland system
