摘要
在构建社会主义和谐社会中,环境公平是协调"人与人"之间关系的一个重要方面。不同的利益群体对环境公平具有不同的理解,基于环境资源的特殊属性,界定环境资源使用公平的内涵。以二氧化硫为例,以省级单位为公平主体,通过构建环境基尼系数来表征我国环境公平的状况;然后利用不同评价对象经济基尼系数之间的关系对其进行了调整,进而评估了我国1998-2004年环境资源使用公平的变化趋势,结果表明二氧化硫排放的环境不公平程度比较严重并有减缓趋势。最后,利用锡尔系数的因子分解模型,分析了经济发展水平、经济的能源强度以及能源的环境强度等三个因素对于我国环境资源使用公平的影响,结果表明各省经济能源强度差异对环境公平的贡献率最大,能源的环境强度贡献最低,并分析了其现实原因。
In the construction of a harmonious socialistic society in China, environment equity should be emphasized to adjust the relationships among different individuals. Environment equity is defined differently by various stakeholders. Based on the speeific attributes of environmental resources, the definition of environment equity is given in this study. The emission of SO2 is taken as an example in empirical study. Based on the hypothesis that every province in China should be entitled to the same consumption level of environmental resources, environmental Cirri Coefficient is defined to evaluate the changing tendency of environmental equity. Then the environmental Gini Coefficient is adjusted by eeonomic Gini Coefficient of different levels to evaluate the environmental equity tendency of environmental resources eonsumption in China during 1998 to 2004, whieh shows a serious unequal but steady decrease tendency. Finally, the ingredient decomposition model of Theil Coefficient is used to analyze the influence on the environmental equity by factors including economy development, eeonomie energy-eonsuming density and environmental intensity of energy eonsumption. The result indicates that the foremost influence comes from the differences in the economie energy-consuming density among various provinces in China, while the factor environmental intensity of energy consumption contributes the least. Practical reasons are given to explain the result of this study in the end.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
2008年第5期118-122,共5页
China Population,Resources and Environment
关键词
环境公平
环境基尼系数
锡尔系数
environmental equity
environmental Gini Coefficient
Theil Coefficient
