摘要
蓄滞洪区是降低洪水风险的一种有效工程措施,能够充分有效地分蓄超额洪量,最大程度地降低高洪水位,从而减轻甚至消除下游的防洪压力。然而,蓄滞洪区的运用效果与洪水的类型密切相关。在水系复杂的长江中游地区,理想地运用蓄滞洪区一般比较困难,特别是在需要决策分洪运用蓄滞洪区又不知道未来的洪水过程时。以宜昌站至汉口站为研究范围,包括洞庭湖区及支流汉江,对钱粮湖、共双茶、大通湖东及洪湖东分块共计4个蓄滞洪区的分洪运用方案进行了研究。对于1998年实际洪水,利用水动力模型,研究出4个蓄滞洪区的理想运用方案。基于未来洪水的不确定性,对1998年实际洪水理想运用方案进行不同影响因素(包括水文、决策及洪水类型等因素)测试,总结出蓄滞洪区分洪运用的一般规律,并对本项目的进一步研究提出合理化建议。
Emergency flood storage basins provide a potentially effective measure in the reduction of flood risk. If these are used efficiently and provide sufficient storage in relation to the volume of the flood event, an appreciable reduction in maximum flood levels can be achieved. However, the utility of such basins is dependent on how these are employed in a given flood event. In complex river systems the optimal strategy with which such flood storage basins should be used is difficult to identify, particularly when taking into account that the true shape of the flood hydrograph is typically not known at the time when the decision on the use of the basins needs to be taken. In this paper the utility of four large emergency flood storage basins in the middle Yangtze River is explored. The reach of the Yangtze considered is downstream of the Three Gorges Dam and upstream of the city of Wuhan, and includes the Dongting Lake area. Three of the storage basins considered are in the lake area, while the fourth and largest basin is on the main stream of Yangtze. Different strategies in using these basins for the 1998 flood event are explored using a hydrodynamic model of the reach in question. Based on the strategy that provides the largest reduction in flood levels at key sections of the river for the flood event tested, as well as considerations on the typical shape of flood hydrographs in this section of the Yangtze, general recommendations on the use of the four basins are made.
出处
《水利水电快报》
2008年第8期11-14,38,共5页
Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information
基金
长江水利委员会资助
关键词
洪水风险
蓄滞洪区
洞庭湖区
长江中游
flood risk
emergency flood storage basins
Dongting Lake area
middle Yangtze River
